CENTER History Book Resources (Titles S-Z)

	Sacajawea Author: Milton, Joyce Key Words: sacajawea Description: Grade 1-3- A bare-bones introduction to the Shoshone guide. Milton focuses on her time spent helping Lewis and Clark, her marriage to Charbonneau, and the birth of her son, Pomp. Short sentences and pronunciation make the book accessible to emerging readers. Facts tend to be appropriately simple for the grade and reading levels. The large type is positioned on a white background and does not interfere with the full-color drawings. The illustrations lack pizzazz yet fit in well with the text. Several simple maps clue readers in to where the story is taking place. David Adler's A Picture Book of Sacagawea (Holiday, 2000) goes into more detail but the text is more difficult. Both titles would be useful, especially for Native American units.
	The Sage of Sugar Hill: George S. Schuyler and the Harlem Renaissance Author: Ferguson, Jeffrey Key Words: harlem renaissance Description: Farah Griffin : "Schuyler is all too often left off lists of twentieth-century black intellectuals, yet there are few whose careers are so lengthy and fascinating. Ferguson's study is a major contribution to our understanding of this important figure."
	Sam the Minuteman Author: Benchley, Nathaniel Key Words: american revolution Description: "Get your gun!" Sam's father said. "The British soldiers are coming this way!" Sam's father was a Minuteman. Sam was ready in a minute. Father and son rushed to the village green. Other Minutemen were already there. Through the long night they waited and waited. Then, at dawn, the soldiers came! In this exciting I Can Read Book, Nathaniel Benchly recreates what it must have been like for a young boy to fight in the Battle of Lexington. Arnold Lobel's vivid pictures give a poignant reality to the famous battle that marked the beginning of the American Revolution.
	Sampler View Of Colonial Life Author: Cobb, Mary Key Words: colonial samplers Description: Describes the samplers stitched by girls in colonial America and explains what these samplers tell about the lives of their makers. Includes simple projects.
	Samuel Eaton's Day: A Day in the Life of a Pilgrim Boy Author: Waters, Kate Key Words: pilgrim Description: Text and photographs follow a six-year-old Pilgrim boy through a busy day during the spring harvest in 1627: doing chores, getting to know his Wampanoag Indian neighbors, and spending time with his family.
	Sarah Morton's Day: A Day in the Life of a Piligrim Girl Author: Waters, Kate Key Words: colonial, pilgrim children Description: Text and photographs of Plimouth Plantation follow a pilgrim girl through a typical day as she milks the goats, cooks and serves meals, learns her letters, and adjusts to her new stepfather.
	The Scandinavian American Family Album Author: Hoobler, Dorothy Key Words: scandinavian american family Description: The Scandinavian American Family Album tells the history of this tremendous wave of immigration and of the contribution of Scandinavian people to the growth and development of the United States. Through their own diaries, letters, and through interviews, rare photographs, and songs, we are treated to a firsthand account of the hardships, challenges, and triumphs that awaited the generations of Scandinavian immigrants who made their way across the ocean to start new lives in America. We learn about their day-to-day life before emigration, the factors--such as social inequality, financial hardship, and overpopulation--that contributed to their decisions to leave, of their experience upon landing at Ellis Island, and the various occupations that they settled into as they began to establish homes and communities. Personal accounts describe homesteads and early colonies set up all over the country, from Maine to Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Kansas, and as far west as Utah and Nebraska. These early immigrants and their descendants tell us about pioneering farming ventures, the dangers and hardships of logging and mining, the thrill of the gold rush, and the struggle of early labor movements. All across the country, Scandinavian Americans played a key role in building the institutions and communities that still exist today. The stories and memories contained in this album, illustrated with vivid photographs drawn from a vast array of archives, make this volume a valuable window into the past of Scandinavian Americans and the country they now call home.
	The Scarlet Stockings Spy Edition 1. Author: Noble, Trinka Hakes Key Words: revolutionary war Description: Grade 3-5-Noble's story, well told in simple descriptive language, shows both the prevalent mood of anxiety in Philadelphia in 1777, as the American colonists awaited the British attack, and the realistic side of war, the pathos of young lives lost, and the stubborn persistence and faith that helped the colonists win. Maddy Rose, the plucky young daughter of a widow whose earnings come from spinning flax, spends her days sewing seams in the linens her mother supplies to a local upholstery shop. At night, using her own hand-knit scarlet stockings and white petticoats, the girl leaves weekly signals on a clothesline, pointing out the location of suspicious ships in the harbor for her beloved brother, serving in General Washington's army. Several nights after she spies a British man-of-war, another boy comes in Jonathan's place, bearing her brother's blue coat in a bundle. After the British defeat, Maddy hangs an American flag made from that coat and her scarlet stockings and white petticoats on the clothesline. Papp is a master of portraiture. His soft, realistic, full- and double-page oils are finely detailed and appear to have been painted from live models. The action, facial expressions, and scenic detail keep many illustrations from appearing staged and static. Children with little knowledge of this period in American history will gain some background from Noble's story.
	Schoolyard Games Author: Kalman, Bobbie Key Words: colonial games Description: Settler children played Schoolyard Games that are similar to those still played by children today. Colorful illustrations help explain early versions of such games as tag, skipping and string games, hopscotch, hiding games, marbles, tops, and group games such as Sticky Apple.
	The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America Author: Calloway, Colin G. Key Words: colonial history Description: Dartmouth historian Calloway tells a spellbinding tale of a year in American history. In 1763, with the peace treaty that ended the French and Indian War, France and Spain handed over all the territory east of the Mississippi, as well as Canada, to the British. In this one stroke, settlers both on the East Coast and on the frontier came under British rule. Calloway's enthralling chronicle follows the lives of settlers, Indians and immigrants as this new British rule affected them. He demonstrates convincingly that the seeds of the American Revolution were planted in 1763, as a near-bankrupt Britain began to impose heavy "taxation without representation." The year brought bloody skirmishes between Indians, who were being pushed off more of their lands, and settlers; Calloway also narrates the expulsion of Acadians from Nova Scotia and their resettlement in Louisiana. This first-rate cultural history, part of Oxford's Pivotal Moments in American History series, reveals that the events of 1763 changed not only the political geography of a nation but also its cultural geography, as various groups moved from one part of the country to another.
	The Sea Captain's Wife: A True Story of Love, Race, and War in the Nineteenth Century Author: Hodes, Martha Key Words: race relations, social history, women Description: Hodes reconstructs the intriguing and unusual life of Eunice Richardson Stone Connolly. a mill laborer in mid19th-century New England who went South with her husband to seek their fortune; homesick, even as her husband fought for the Confederacy, she returned to New Hampshire, where she was reduced to working as a washerwoman. The only thing that brought an impoverished Eunice respectability was her white skin. But then she heard of her husband's death, and in 1869, mystifying some of her relatives, Connolly put that respectability at risk, too, marrying a well-to-do black sea captain from Grand Cayman Island and moving there with him. Hodes, a historian at NYU, relies on a rich cache of Connolly's letters, which are housed at Duke University. Unfortunately, the letters don't reveal how Connolly met her second husband or explain in depth why she decided to marry him. Hodes's prose, though sometimes a bit affected, is lucid and her account is engaging, though for readers steeped in the subject not path breaking; what Hodes has to tell us about the 19th century--that race was socially constructed and complicated, for example--is nothing new.
	Seaman's Journal: On the Trail With Lewis and Clark Author: Eubank, Patti Reeder Key Words: lewis and clark Description: This book for reading level kindergarten to grade 3 is about Seaman,the Newfoundland dog belonging to Meriwether Lewis. The story tells of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to the Pacific Ocean and back to St. Charles, Missouri where the adventure began. Issustrations are in the styles of the Lewis and Clark Journals and feature the Native America tribes encountered and the plants and animals discovered. The book comes with a bookmark of Seaman.
	The Seasons of America Past Author: Sloane, Eric Key Words: eric sloane Description: A charming book that takes readers through a full year's activities. Sloane's drawings depict cider mills and presses, sleds, pumps, stump-pulling equipment, plows, and other elements of America's rural heritage. A section of old recipes and household hints adds additional color and practical value to this delightful work.
	The Seasons Sewn: A Year in Patchwork Author: Paul, Ann Whitford Key Words: quilt studies Description: There are few heirlooms more treasured, or useful, than a handmade quilt. At its best, a fine quilt is a visual feast of color and pattern, not to mention an all-around great thing to wrap up in on a cold day. Ann Whitford Paul aims to inspire a new generation of quilting artists with her book The Seasons Sewn, which is one part pattern book and one part storybook. Taking the name of 24 classic quilt patterns as a starting point, she has fashioned stories that explain how the names might have come about. Each story is accompanied by photographs of the pattern and an illustration of Paul's story. The illustrations, by Michael McCurdy, are a triumph. Ages 6-9.
	See How They Run: Campaign Dreams, Election Schemes, and the Race to the White House Author: Goodman, Susan E. Key Words: elections Description: Using witty anecdotes and clear explanations, acclaimed writer Susan E. Goodman takes readers from the birth of democracy to the Electoral College; from front porch campaigning to hanging chads. It's all here, spiced up with Elwood Smith's witty illustrations, hilarious sidebars, photographs, and solid back matter. It's a landslide victory: See How They Run stands above the rest as the most accessible, informative, and enjoyable election book on the market.
	Seven Brave Women Author: Hearne, Betsy Key Words: women's studies Description: History is often defined by its wars and the men who fought in them. Here, Hearne presents a family history that marks eras by the wars in which the women didn't fight. Feminism, pacifism, and genealogy are woven together to make an attractive book that may inspire young readers to delve into their own family histories. While this book is short on dramatic tension, it's strong in artistry and heart. A splendid book for children, simply told but with a dead-on eye for the telling details that define a life. This is a wonderful book about seven wonderful lives, and how the women who lived them created America, farm by farm, house by house, quilt by quilt, book by book. (Ages 4 to 9).
	Shaker Children: True Stories and Crafts Author: Thorne-Thomsen, Kathleen Key Words: colonial crafts Description: Thorne-Thomsen introduces the Shakers and two people who came into the Shaker community as children: Nicholas Briggs in 1852 and Anita Potter in the 1920s. Based on real people and actual events (though dramatized with some conversations), these stories provide many insights into the ways of the Shakers during two periods in their history. The last half of the book consists of activities loosely based on those of the Shakers: baking bread, making caramel, planting a vegetable garden, making holiday decorations, building a candleholder, knitting a headband, and sewing a doll's cloak. Many of the activities would require adult assistance. Appendixes include a glossary, a bibliography, and a list of Shaker villages, museums, and catalogs. Line drawings and many black-and-white photographs appear throughout the book. Attractively designed, this volume provides intriguing insights into the lives of Shakers within their communities. Gr. 3-6.
	Shalom Author: Keesing, Nancy Key Words: Description:
	Shays's Rebellion: The American Revolution's Final Battle Author: Richards, Leonard L. Key Words: american revolution Description: American history books have long insisted that Shay's Rebellion (1786-1787) the Massachusetts insurrection that pulled George Washington out of retirement and ultimately sped the revision and ratification of the Constitution was an uprising of poor, indebted farmers. University of Massachusetts Amherst history professor Leonard L. Richards begs to differ. In his Shay's Rebellion: The American Revolution's Final Battle, Richards investigates the identities of the rebels and argues that they were generally not poor at all, and that scholars have misunderstood the causes of this pivotal revolt.
	She Touched the World: Laura Bridgman, Deaf-Blind Pioneer Author: Alexander, Sally Hobart Key Words: helen keller Description: When she was just two years old, Laura Bridgman lost her sight, her hearing, and most of her senses of smell and taste. At the time, no one believed a child with such severe disabilities could be taught to communicate, much less lead a full and productive life. But then a progressive doctor, who had just opened the country's first school for the blind in Boston, took her in. Laura learned to communicate, read, and write--and eventually even to teach. By the age of 12, she was world famous. Audiences flocked to see her, and she was loved and admired by children everywhere. This fascinating and moving biography shows how Laura Bridgman paved the way for future generations of children with disabilities, making possible important advances in the way they would be educated. As a blind person with some hearing loss, Sally Hobart Alexander lends a unique and intimate perspective to this inspiring account. At last, the story of Laura Bridgman can find its long-deserved place alongside those of Louis Braille and Helen Keller.
	Shh! We're Writing the Constitution Author: Fritz, Jean Key Words: constitution Description: Grade 2-5. An informative, interesting, and immensely readable account of the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Aimed at the same audience as Fritz' well-known series on Revolutionary heroes, this is every bit as good as those acclaimed titles, although younger children might need to have some terms clarified. Neatly woven into the discussion of what the framers were doing and how they did it are some wonderfully gossipy tidbits that are sure to catch young readers' imagination and make it all come alive for them. The text of the Constitution is included, as well as several pages of notes that expand upon some of the points that the main text touches upon. DePaola's choice of what to illustrate is excellent, as he has selected situations that have great child appeal. His illustrations, many of which are in color, add a further touch of good humor to the proceedings, particularly the sourpuss expressions on some of the founding fathers. This is superior to Marilyn Prolman's Story of the Constitution, which is for the same age group. It is similar in style to Henry Steele Commager's The Great Constitution, which is for an older audience. Fritz' ability to simplify without condescending makes this an excellent choice for introducing young readers to the complexities of the constitution.
	Short Role-playing Simulations for US History Author: Giacomo, Richard Di Key Words: American History Description: This book is an exciting collection of role-playing simulations for Social Studies classrooms. All of these simulations have been tested in classes, ranging from middle school to high school, and at ability levels, ranging from sheltered classes to honors. What is a role-playing simulation? Role-playing simulations attempt to put the student in the position of a person in a particular time and place. All of the simulations involve group problem solving and conflict resolution. The students are given a character sheet, which describes the groups needs and desires, a brief description of the historical problem, and a copy of the rules of the game. The individual assumes the role they choose and makes decisions as the character would make during that particular time period. The outcomes are very unpredictable, and no two classes finish the simulation in the exact same way. This leads to some very interesting classroom discussions, about why things turned out the way they did, what could have happened differently, and how the simulation compares to what actually occurred in history.
	Shutting Out the Sky: Life in the Tenements of New York, 1880-1924 Author: Hopkinson, Deborah Key Words: immigrationl Description: Grade 5-8-Through the stories of five immigrants, the world of New York City's tenements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries comes alive with descriptions of the newcomers' struggles and triumphs as they attended night school, abandoned customs, or in other ways acclimated to life in America. Some came as children, others as teenagers, all eager either to succeed on their own or to help their families. Leonard Covello, who left Italy and arrived at Ellis Island with his mother and younger brothers six years after his father, became a high school principal. Pauline Newman began her working career in 1901 as a child laborer in the garment industry and later became one of the first women organizers of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Citing sources, Hopkinson quotes frequently from her subjects' and others' writing, and provides a detailed and intimate picture of daily life in Manhattan's Lower East Side. The text is supported by numerous tinted, archival photos of living and working conditions. Although this book will appeal to students looking for material for projects, the writing lends immediacy and vivid images make it simply a fascinating read.
	Silent Movie Author: Avi Key Words: silent film Description: K-Gr. 3. True to the tender melodrama of the great silent movies, this picture book in black and white tells a happily-ever-after immigrant story from the early twentieth century. Papa sails for America, and then he sends for Mama and Gustave. But they can't find Papa when they arrive, alone in the great city with no English and no money. While begging in the street, they see a friend from the old country, who finds them shelter and a sweatshop job for Mama. But this is American myth, not realism: Gustave becomes a child actor in a movie (So what if he can't speak English? Movies are silent). Papa sees the movie, and the family is united. Clear, beautiful ink-on-clayboard illustrations; white type on thick, glossy black paper; and cinematic lighting effects combine to evoke the historical period as they tell a story about making a movie of the American dream. The soulful, full-page close-ups of the boy alone, wondering, "Was it a mistake to come to America?" will touch children, and the succession of small framed scenes will appeal to comic book fans. Just as strong are the crowd scenes, of the huddled immigrants on the long journey, of the audience watching their story on the screen. Avi and Mordan both cite Chaplin as inspiration, and their book beautifully evokes the melancholy loner in City Lights.
	Silhouettes: A Pictorial Archive of Varied Illustrations Author: Grafton, Carol Belanger (Editor) Key Words: cdrom not included, scanner needed, use a flatbed scanner Description: One of the largest selections of silhouettes presently available. Over 600 silhouettes from the 18th to 20th centuries include: profiles of full figures of men and women, children alone and in groups, scenes, birds and animals, trees, flowers, ships, and alphabet, etc. Dozens of uses for stationery, menus, cards, spot illustrations, needlework, etc.
	Since You Went Away: World War II Letters from American Women on the Home Front Author: Litoff, Judy Barrett (Author, Editor) Key Words: WWII, women's letters Description: From among 25,000 of an estimated six billion letters sent overseas during World War II, history professors Litoff (Bryant College, Rhode Island) and Smith (University of Maine) have culled and skillfully edited a sampling by 400 American women. These letters, starting with one to a seaman wounded at Pearl Harbor, are compelling documents of home-front life in varied ethnic, cultural and financial milieus. Tragic, touching and funny, the correspondence is full of prosaic news and gossip about jobs and neighbors, along with accounts of births and intimate allusions to love-making. The stress of separation was intensified for women whose loved ones were hospitalized, or imprisoned as either conscientious objectors or security risks. Some women wrote General MacArthur and others for news of missing men or to obtain details of their deaths. Many of these heartrending documents also express acceptance--and even pride--in the sacrifices required by war.
	Sisters of the Earth: Women's Prose and Poetry About Nature Author: Anderson, Lorraine Key Words: women writers, collections Description: The voices of nearly 100 women--white, black, Native American--sing out in this luminous anthology, which spans centuries, genres and literary careers from Willa Cather's to Sue Hubbell's. The thread that binds together the poetry, short stories and essays collected here is the harmonious relationship between women and nature that is about "caring rather than controlling," as editor Anderson indicates. In her poem "My Help Is in the Mountainsic," Nancy Wood ( Hollering Sun ) becomes part of the sun-warmed rock that soothes her "earthly wounds." In a prose reflection, "The Miracle of Renewal," Laura Lee Davidson is rejuvenated by a year spent in the Canadian woods in 1914, which provided her with a "gallery of mind-pictures." Both Linda Hogan's essay, "Walking," and Elizabeth Coatsworth's poem, "On the Hills," seek and find continuity in nature, as well as a kinship with the other times and places that is evoked by it. Taste and sensitivity are evident throughout the volume, whether tacit as nocturnal solitude or vocal as a feline "howl . . . for the flame of yellow moons" in Judith Minty's poem, "Why Do You Keep Those Cats?"
	Sisters: The Lives of America's Suffragists Author: Baker, Jean H. Key Words: Suffragists, feminism Description: This fascinating collective biography features in-depth sketches of five indispensable leaders of the American suffrage movement. Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Frances Willard, and Alice Paul--stalwarts in the struggle to extend fundamental rights and freedoms to females--are profiled in turn. Although these women are identified with the famous movements they founded and the radical causes they espoused, Baker breathes new life into subjects that have become somewhat fossilized and sanitized over time. Viewing them through a revitalized historical lens, she concentrates on the private lives and personal connections that contributed to the formation of their staunch beliefs and ambitions. The fact that they each led lives that were influenced by childhood circumstances, divergent personalities, robust love interests, bitter disagreements, powerful friendships, incredible triumphs, and overwhelming tragedies is significant to understanding the ebb and flow of the movement they were responsible for keeping afloat for well over half a century.
	Sit-In: How Four Friends Stood Up by Sitting Down Author: Pinkney, Andrea Key Words: african american history, civil rights movement, martin luther king, segregation Description: This compelling picture book is based on the historic sit-in 50 years ago by four college students who tried to integrate a Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. Food-related wordplay adds layers to the free verse, as in the lines about the protesters' recipe for integration: Combine black with white / to make sweet justice. The double-page spreads in watercolor and thick ink lines show both the scene in Woolworth's and across America as blacks and whites organize sit-ins and watch coverage of protests on TV. Finally, the young people at the counter get what they order, served to them exactly the way they wanted it; well done. The recipe metaphors are repetitive, but at the core of the exciting narrative are scenes that show the difficulty of facing hatred: tougher than any school test. Closing pages discuss the role of adults, including Ella Baker and then presidents Kennedy and Johnson, and include a detailed civil rights time line, a final helping; about the historic struggle, and a bibliography. Even young children will grasp the powerful, elemental, and historic story of those who stood up to oppressive authority and changed the world. Grades 2-4.
	Sitting Bull (History Maker Bios Series) Author: Aller, Susan Bivin Key Words: biography sitting bull Description: True or False? Sitting Bull had visions and dreams in which he could see the future. True! Sitting Bull was a Wichasha Wakan, or spiritual leader. He helped people understand dreams. In his own visions, he predicted the Battle of the Little Bighorn and even his own death. He became a principal chief of the Lakota nation at age 38. He toured with Annie Oakley in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show. He moved his people to Canada to avoid living on a reservation. Read these and other History Maker Bios about Native American Leaders: Chief Joseph, Geronimo, Quanah Parker, Sequoyah, Tecumseh.
	Six Million Paper Clips: The Making Of A Children's Holocaust Memorial Author: Schroeder, Peter W. Key Words: holocaust Description: Gr. 5-8. In rural Whitwell, Tennessee, all 1,600 residents are alike, "white, Anglo-Saxon, and Protestant." When the community middle school decided to teach diversity by focusing on the Holocaust, the students did not believe that the Nazis had killed six million Jews and five million others. To help them grasp the numbers, they collected 11 million paper clips, which they placed in a memorial made from a German World War II railcar. The paper clip image may seem trivial to some, and the authors don't deal with present-day racism and intolerance, with the exception of one student talking about being inspired to stop bullying. But the story of the memorial project, which reached out across the world, is interwoven with facts about the genocide, and the book's open design, with lots of color photos of contemporary kids and adults involved in building the memorial, will introduce the Holocaust to those who know nothing about it. This may also get students talking.
	Sky Pioneer: A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart Author: Szabo, Corinne Key Words: amelia earhart, womens biographies Description: Gr. 4-8. Instead of the usual obsession with Earhart's disappearance, this gloriously upbeat biography celebrates her drive and skill and daring as a record-breaking pilot at a time when women were expected to stay home. The spaciously designed large-size book, with big type, 60 duotone photos, and long, informative captions, is great for group sharing and personal browsing. Best of all are the italicized quotes throughout from Earhart's own writings, which express her determination and her spirit of adventure. Szabo's adulatory style occasionally becomes a bit too much in the inspirational, self-esteem, role-model mode, but it is buttressed by the facts of Earhart's aviation work: the dogged, careful preparations and the confrontation with failure, as well as the glamour and excitement. She broke records when she flew solo both across the Atlantic and across the Pacific. Finally, she wanted to become the first woman to fly solo around the world and to take the longest route, never tried before. The final section includes big, clear maps that show her final journey across the continents, with photos and commentary that she sent back home at each stop along the way. A long after word discusses the theories about why she vanished. The bibliography includes her own writings.
	The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South Author: Blassingame, John W. Key Words: african american history, black history, slavery, african-american studies, antebellum, john w blassingame Description: Taking into account the major recent studies, this volume presents an updated analysis of the life of the black slave--his African heritage, culture, family, acculturuation, behavior, religion, and personality.
	A Slave Family Author: Kalman, Bobbie Key Words: colonial slave family Description: Introduces the personal relationships and daily activities that were part of the family life of slaves in colonial America.
	Slave Songs of the United States Author: Allen, William Francis Key Words: slave songs, african-american studies, spirituals Description: Originally published in 1867, this book is a collection of songs of African-American slaves. A few of the songs were written after the emancipation, but all were inspired by slavery. The wild, sad strains tell, as the sufferers themselves could, of crushed hopes, keen sorrow, and a dull, daily misery, which covered them as hopelessly as the fog from the rice swamps. On the other hand, the words breathe a trusting faith in the life after, to which their eyes seem constantly turned.
	Slavery and the Making of America Author: Horton, James Oliver Key Words: american history, black history,slavery Description: In this compact and lucid account of how "[t]he history of slavery is central to the history of the United States," the Hortons demonstrate the vital role that blacks played in landmarks of the American record (colonial settlement, the Revolution, westward expansion, the Civil War, Reconstruction). Africans and African-Americans appear not just as "passive laborers" but as shapers of American culture, from colonial politics to Southern cuisine. The authors reveal the myriad experiences of free and enslaved blacks and devote particular attention to the lives of women, both white and black. The oft-told tale is made fresh through up-to-date slavery scholarship, the extensive use of slave narratives and archival photos and, especially, a focus on individual experience. The well-known players (Attucks, Vesey, Tubman, Douglass) appear, but so do the more anonymous ones--the planter's wife and the slave driver share space with the abolitionist and the Confederate soldier, and all are skillfully etched. As the Hortons chronicle lives from freedom in Africa to slavery in America and beyond, they tell an integral American story, a tale not of juxtaposition but of edgy oneness.
	Slavery in the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts Author: Romer, Robert H. Key Words: Description: In this first history of slavery in western Massachusetts in colonial times, Robert H. Romer demonstrates that slavery was pervasive in the Pioneer Valley in the 1700s, where many of the ministers and other "important people" owned black slaves. To show the role of slavery in the valley, Professor Romer presents a "snapshot" of slavery, choosing a moment (1752) and a place (the main street of Deerfield) to present detailed information about the slaves who lived in that place at that time -- and their owners. Working largely from original sources -- wills, probate inventories, church records, and merchants' account books -- he shows that slavery was much more significant than had previously been thought. Some twenty-five slaves belonging to fifteen different owners lived on that mile-long street in 1752. He emphasizes that these were individuals, some born in Africa, some born as slaves in New England, forced to live their lives as property, always subject to being sold away at the whim of an owner. Deerfield is used simply as an example -- slavery was pervasive throughout the valley. In other chapters he treats -- in less detail -- other towns in the valley. He also gives a brief history of slavery in Massachusetts, from its beginnings in the 1630s until its gradual end in the final decades of the 1700s and then discusses how in the following centuries New Englanders for the most part managed to forget that slavery had ever existed here. His work brings out of obscurity the many black slaves who lived in the valley, the invisible men and women of our colonial past.
	A Small Place Author: Kincaid, Jamaica Key Words: postcolonial, antigua, caribbean Description: Kincaid here examines the geography and history of Antigua, where she was raised. We first see the island through the eyes of the typical North American tourist, who aims to exchange his or her own "everydayness" for that of someone without the same privilege. But rather than interpret Antiguan experience for outsiders, Kincaid lays bare the limits of her own understanding. She asks us to grasp the crime of empire in a new way, stressing that it can be understood only from a post-colonial point of view: surveying 20 years of a corrupt "free" government, she finds the inheritance of colonialism to be a commercial and governmental enterprise that serves individual interests. Antiguans, she effectively demonstrates, are ordinary people saddled with an unthinkable but unbreachable past.
	Smithsonian in Your Classroom: Abraham Lincoln - The Face of War Author: Smithsonian Key Words: Abraham Lincoln, biography, Civil War Description: The face of Abraham Lincoln is so much with us, from Mount Rushmore to the penny, that it is easy to overlook anything human in it. Before we see wisdom, compassion, humor, sorrow, or any other quality, we see a symbol, as familiar in its outlines as the Statue of Liberty. Lincoln was a symbol in his own time, of the Union or emancipation or tyranny, but he was still a man, not yet a monument. Physically, he was a figure of fun, as much to himself as to others. Once when he was accused of being "two-faced." He replied, "If I had two faces, would I be wearing this one?" In the first lesson in this issue, students take a close look at Lincoln the man, as seen in two photographs, taken in 1860 and 1865, and in two plaster life masks, made in the same years. This exercise in portrait analysis leads to a study of events in the years between,years that changed Lincoln drastically, and might serve as an introduction to a unit on the Civil War. In the second lesson, students examine an eyewitness drawing of his arrival in the enemy capital of Richmond, Virginia, at the end of the war. As he moved among former slaves, Lincoln the person became the personification of freedom. Never before had an appearance by a president, the mere showing of his face, meant more to his audience.
	The Sneetches and Other Stories Author: Seuss, Dr. Key Words: civil rights Description: "Now, the Star-Belly Sneetches / Had bellies with stars. / The Plain-Belly Sneetches / Had none upon thars." This collection of four of Dr. Seuss's most winning stories begins with that unforgettable tale of the unfortunate Sneetches, bamboozled by one Sylvester McMonkey McBean ("the Fix-it-up Chappie"), who teaches them that pointless prejudice can be costly. Following the Sneetches, a South-Going Zax and a North-Going Zax seem determined to butt heads on the prairie of Prax. Then there's the tongue-twisting story of Mrs. McCave--you know, the one who had 23 sons and named them all Dave. (She realizes that she'd be far less confused had she given them different names, like Marvin O'Gravel Balloon Face or Zanzibar Buck-Buck McFate.) A slightly spooky adventure involving a pair of haunted trousers--"What was I scared of?"--closes out the collection. Sneetches and Other Stories is Seuss at his best, with distinctively wacky illustrations and ingeniously weird prose. Ages 4 to 8
	Social Studies Strategies for Active Learning Gr. 3 & up Author: Stix, Andi Key Words: Teacher Resource w/CD Description: This integrated approach to active learning encourages educators to immerse students in simulations, debates, discussions, and other activities that encourage personal connections while relating historical events to current issues. Students discover that the field of social studies is a reflection of human motives, conflicts, decisions, and actions. The content is flexible enough to use with any social studies topic. The author presents numerous strategies in each of the following categories: --brainstorming --art integration --discussion --language arts integration --deductive reasoning --primary sources Andi Stix, Ed.D., is an award-winning educator and author as well as a frequent speaker and consultant. Her inspiring, yet practical, guidelines for active learning are based on extensive research. In this book, she provides extensive assessment materials and rubrics designed to help educators evaluate student achievement resulting from diverse learning activities. Notebook has 304 pages plus a resource CD with modifiable student pages and assessment materials.
	Soft Rain: A Story of the Cherokee Trail of Tears Author: Cornelissen, Cornelia Key Words: trail of tears Description: Grade 3-5-In the spring of 1838, nine-year-old Soft Rain learns that there will be no more school for the Cherokee children in her North Carolina community. The Tsalagi (as the tribal members refer to themselves) have signed a treaty with the white men and will be moving to new lands in the West. A short time later, soldiers abruptly force Soft Rain and her mother from their home, abandoning the girl's blind grandmother, her dog, and her father and brother out working in the fields. They follow the Trail of Tears, the path taken by 18,000 Cherokee traveling from stockaded holding areas across rivers, valleys, and mountains. Hungry, exhausted, and often ill from the white man's disease, some 4000 people died during the migration. But Soft Rain's story ends more happily; she and her mother miraculously meet up with her father, brother, and an uncle. The author makes clear the hardships these Native Americans endured and the injustice of their exile, but her protagonist remains remarkably positive. Because she has been relatively unaffected, readers may be, too. At one point the grandmother tells a story; at that moment, the book becomes more than just the record of a trip but a glimpse of a disappearing culture. However, there aren't enough of these stories to bring readers closer to this girl and her world. Still, this novel is a readable version of a shameful episode in U.S. history and may find use as a supplement to social studies units.
	Sojourner Truth: Ain't I A Woman Author: Mckissack, Patricia C. Key Words: sojourner truth Description: Grade 5-8-- With compassion and historical detail, the McKissacks offer a rich profile of Isabella Van Wagener. Her experiences as both slave and freed slave in New York shaped her midlife commitment to abolition and women's rights. At age 46, she received a call to "walk in the light of His truth." Henceforward, her name was Sojourner Truth and, although she never learned to read or write, the six-foot tall woman became a striking, eloquent spokesperson whose wit, common sense, and candor popularized her with audiences throughout New England and the Midwest. This biography draws personal information from many of the same sources cited in other recent biographies by Lindstrom (1980), Taylor-Boyd (1990), and Macht (1992). But the McKissacks emphasize the condition of African-Americans from 1797-1883, their subject's convictions and magnetism, her contributions to the welfare of her people, and her involvement with other influential abolitionists and activists during the last 40 years of her life. Brief profiles of these acquaintances, from Susan B. Anthony to Harriet Tubman, are appended. Middle grade readers and researchers will enjoy the readability, quotes, and documentary photos, all of which breathe life into the personality and times of Sojourner Truth.
	Solving Math Problems in American History Author: Blattner and Shireman Key Words: colonial math, revolution math, history and math Description: Build math skills while exploring the richness of American history. Relate key periods in history to practical math skills that apply to farming, construction, shopping, manufacturing, and business. Reproducible activities cover roman numerals, weights and measures, percentages, fractions, decimals, graphing, and more. Answer keys included. Grades 5-8
	Somewhere in the World Right Now Author: Schuett, Stacey Key Words: picture book, geography Description: Grade 1-3 What's happening around the world when it is one o'clock a.m. in England? Lots! Exploring this fascinating concept, this story takes children around the world to show what's going on at the exact same moment in other areas. A time-zone map on the endpapers, which includes the times and names of places shown in the pictures, allows readers to follow the action around the globe. Schuett's illustrations, each overlaid onto a map, capture the mystery of early morning hours on the plains of Kenya, the freshness of a new day dawning in India, and the subtle humor of a dog running off with a worker's lunch in Russia at noon. Her story takes readers through busy cities and family homes, rainforests and swampland, exploring all varieties of settings. The poetic text encourages them to look deeper into the pictures for hidden details. A book that is perfect for sparking an interest in geography, emphasizing the amazing concept that at the same moment we are getting ready to sleep, other people are starting a new day.
	The Souls of Black Folk (Barnes & Noble Classics Series) Author: Du Bois, W. E. B. Key Words: african american history Description: William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868-1963) is the greatest of African American intellectuals--a sociologist, historian, novelist, and activist whose astounding career spanned the nation's history from Reconstruction to the civil rights movement. Born in Massachusetts and educated at Fisk, Harvard, and the University of Berlin, Du Bois penned his epochal masterpiece, The Souls of Black Folk, in 1903. It remains his most studied and popular work; its insights into Negro life at the turn of the 20th century still ring true. With a dash of the Victorian and Enlightenment influences that peppered his impassioned yet formal prose. The book's largely autobiographical chapters take the reader through the momentous and moody maze of Afro-American life after the Emancipation Proclamation: from poverty, the neoslavery of the sharecropper, illiteracy, miseducation, and lynching, to the heights of humanity reached by the spiritual "sorrow songs" that birthed gospel and the blues.
	Sparrow Jack Author: Gerstein, Mordicai Key Words: Earth Science, ecology Description: K-Gr. 2. It began in 1868 when Philadelphia was invaded by an army of inchworms. Suddenly the creepy crawlers were everywhere, eating the leaves off trees and bushes with absolute impunity. The local birds turned up their beaks and refused to eat the hungry hordes. What to do? Only one man, a British immigrant named John Bardsley, knew. Returning to England, he captured a thousand sparrows and brought them back to the City of Brotherly Love. The omnivorous little creatures made short work of the inchworms, and from that day forward John Bardsley was known as Sparrow Jack. Though a few imaginative liberties are taken with the facts, Gerstein's cheerful tale is based on a true story. The humor of his whimsically witty text is beautifully captured and expanded by drawings that are filled with comic action and droll details. Only one question remains unanswered at the end: What can we do about those pesky sparrows?
	Speak Out In Thunder Tones: Letters And Other Writings By Black Northerners, 1787-1865 Author: Sterling, Dorothy Key Words: African Americans Description: This impressive collection, drawn from a wealth of original research into previously untapped sources-including letters, diaries, memoirs, speeches, poems, songs, newspaper articles, advertisements, a ship's log, and official documents-allows African Americans to speak afresh across more than two centuries. Besides the expected voices of Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth, this book makes vivid the experiences and views of a diverse range of lesser-known but equally fascinating personalities: Ira Aldridge, one of the great Shakespearean actors of his day; William Allen, the first black college professor in the country; the astronomer and mathematician Benjamin Banneker; Paul Cuffe, owner of a fleet of merchant ships; Martin R. Delany, the father of black nationalism; James Forten, war veteran, inventor, and one of the wealthiest men in America; the militant Henry Highland Garnet, who urged slaves to revolt; the poet Phillis Wheatley, as well as ordinary free blacks, fugitive slaves, soldiers, wives, mothers, pioneers, sailors, and numerous others. The editor has forged her material into a documentary history as dramatic as it is memorable.
	A Spy at Ticonderoga Author: Fisher, Clavin Key Words: american revolution Description: After convincing his uncle to take him along on the expedition to capture Ticonderoga, a fourteen-year-old orphan plays an important part in making the campaign a success.
	State by State: A Panoramic Portrait of America Author: Weiland, Matt Key Words: fifty states history Description: Without leaving home or spending a cent on gas, readers of this book can enjoy a scenic view of the entire U.S. that is as familiar as it is disorienting. Weiland, deputy editor of the Paris Review, and Wilsey, editor-at-large for McSweeney's, have gathered a group of 50 disparate voices to explore not just their experience in America, but the way each state was presented in the American Guide series of the Federal Writers Project in the 1930s, in which the Works Project Administration (WPA), as part of F.D.R's New Deal, put more than 6000 American writers to work creating a portrait of this country. The editors wanted to make a book inspired by the ideals behind the WPA Guides but they also wanted something more personal, more eccentric, and more partial. Obvious heavy-hitters--Dave Eggars (Illinois), Rick Moody (Connecticut), Jhumpa Lahiri (Rhode Island), Barry Hannah (Mississippi), William T. Vollmann (California)--are included, as well as some wonderful surprises. Alison Bechdel's illustrated story about her life after moving to Vermont brilliantly combines personal history with historical fact, as does Charles Bock's essay on growing up and working in his parent's Las Vegas pawnshop. Mohammed Naseehu Ali's tale of life in Michigan, after moving there from Ghana as a teen, illuminates what the unconditionally generous Michigan nature shares with the traditions of his own Hausa-Islamic culture. And Franzen's imaginary interview with the state of New York is perhaps the high point among this collection of beguiling summations of something all the writers share: a love-hate relationship with how their chosen state has changed and evolved during the course of their lives.
	Sterling Biographies: Lewis & Clark: Blazing a Trail West Author: Burrows, John Key Words: lewis and clark Description: In November 1805, after a perilous trek across North America, William Clark and Meriwether Lewis finally spotted the Pacific Ocean. It was a triumphant, hard-won victory following a year-and-a-half of braving the elements and risking death by starvation, wild animals, and hostile Native American tribes. Who were these explorers who accomplished what no other white men had? And who helped them in their incredible journey across an uncharted, sometimes hostile landscape? Kids will read wide-eyed as they follow Lewis and Clark from their frontier boyhoods to their groundbreaking achievement to the sometimes-tragic aftermath of their success.
	Sterling Biographies: Rosa Parks: Courageous Citizen Author: Ashby, Ruth Key Words: rosa parks Description: She just wouldn't get up-and with that simple, courageous act Rosa Parks struck a blow against injustice. Parks showed what one person, without guns or violence, could do to change the course of history forever. Nelson Mandela claimed "she is who inspired us...to be fearless when facing our oppressors." As a volunteer secretary for the NAACP, Parks chronicled racial injustices and fought for desegregation. Then, on December 1, 1955, she made a stand on a Montgomery, Alabama bus: she refused to relinquish her seat for a white man. Her arrest mobilized the black community for a citywide bus boycott that led to a landmark Supreme Court decision. Award-winning author Ruth Ashby beautifully conveys Park's dignity and determination.
	Stolen Man: The Story of the Amistad Rebellion Author: Polisar, Barry Louis Key Words: Amistad (Schooner) -- Juvenile literature, Cinque -- Juvenile literature, Slave insurrections -- United States -- Juvenile, literature, Slave trade -- America -- History -- Juvenile, literature Description: Based on a true account, this fictional biography tells the story of the Amistad slave rebellion through the eyes of Sengbe Pieh, who was later given the name Joseph Cinque. From the time of the brutal slave raids in West Africa, Polisar imagines the prisoner's longing for his home and family, the horrendous journey across the sea, the slaves' mutiny, and, finally, Cinque's trial in the U.S., where he is given the right to return home. There are no notes or further readings to help readers fill in the facts, but the account of the slave ships and the terse, exciting narrative will introduce younger readers to the history.
	Stonewall Jackson: Spirit of the South Author: Hale, Sarah Elder (Editor) Key Words: Stonewall Jackson Description: When young Thomas Jackson was promoted three times in 15 months during the United States-Mexican War, his superior officers saw that he had the potential to be a great leader. Fourteen years later, in the early days of the Civil War, General Jackson quickly became a Confederate hero. Throughout the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, at Manassas, and at Chancellorsville, Jackson repeatedly proved his courage, loyalty, and honor. Stonewall Jackson: Spirit of the Sout tells the story of the general who rallied the South during the first two years of the Civil War. Explore Jackson's days at the United States Military Academy at West Point and his later teaching career at Virginia Military Institute. Discover how his actions at the Battle of First Manassas earned him the nickname "Stonewall." Meet the man whose death General Robert E. Lee mourned as the loss of his "right hand."
	Stories for Young People: Mark Twain Author: Camfield, Dr. Gregg (Editor) Key Words: mark twain, 19th century american literature, magic carpet ride, mark twain - biographies and reference, nonfiction, southern discomfort Description: With their humor, vivid language, and irreverence, these five stories by Samuel Langhorne Clemens--better known to the world as Mark Twain--will simply delight young readers everywhere. Outstanding paintings by artist Sally Wern Comport add to the amusement of such unique tales as "An Encounter with an Interviewer" and the brief, but pointed, "A Fable." Youngsters will especially appreciate the slyly witty "Advice to Youth," an actual talk Twain delivered to a group of girls in 1882. Sympathetic to children's rebellious yearnings, he turned the traditional moral lectures of his time upside down: "First I will say to you, young friends...Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best policy in the long run; because if you don't, they will make you." A perfect way to whet children's appetites and prepare them for Twain's complete novels.
	The Story of Harriet Tubman: Conductor of the Underground Railroad Author: Mcmullan, Kate Key Words: harriet tubman Description: This inspiring biography of Harriet Tubman tells how she helped free over 300 slaves as a "conductor" for the Underground Railroad and how she became a nurse, a scout and spy for the Union Forces during the Civil War.
	The Story Of Ruby Bridges Author: Coles, Robert Key Words: segregation Description: Ages 5-9. Sustained by family and faith, one brave six-year-old child found the strength to walk alone through howling protesters and enter a whites-only school in New Orleans in 1960. Ruby Bridges did it every day for weeks that turned into months. The white parents withdrew their kids, and Ruby sat alone with her teacher in an empty classroom in an empty building and learned her lessons. Harvard professor Cole has written powerful adult books about children in crisis and about children's moral and political lives. Here he tells one girl's heroic story, part of the history of ordinary people who have changed the world. He tells it quietly, as an adult, and the simplicity is moving, though kids might want some indication of Ruby's personal experience, what it was like to be her. Ford's moving watercolor paintings mixed with acrylic ink are predominantly in sepia shades of brown and red. They capture the physical warmth of Ruby's family and community, the immense powers against her, and her shining inner strength.
	The Story of the Amistad Author: Sterne, Emma Gelders Key Words: Amistad (Schooner) -- Juvenile fiction, Slave insurrections -- United States -- Juvenile, fiction, Amistad (Schooner) -- Fiction, Slave insurrections -- Fiction, Slave trade -- Fiction, Cinque -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Fiction, Antislavery movements - Description: Gripping tale of the epic 1839 voyage of the schooner Amistad and her cargo of Africans bound for slavery in the New World. The Africans revolt, seize the ship, and start for home, but instead of reaching Africa they land in New England. Are they rebellious slaves and mutineers or honest men and women who sought to regain their freedom? That is the question former president John Quincy Adams seeks to answer when he defends them before the Supreme Court. The subject of a critically acclaimed motion picture, the story of the Amistad is told here in an exciting, readable style that will thrill young readers with its "you-are-there" flavor and accurate and dignified portrayal of the central characters.
	Stranded at Plimoth Plantation 1626 Author: Bowen, Gary (Illustrator) Key Words: plimoth plantation Description: Grade 2-6-When the good ship Sparrowhawk is wrecked near Plymouth in 1626, a 13-year-old indentured orphan passenger is lodged with Elder William Brewster's family until his journey to Jamestown can continue. This is Christopher Sears's account of his stay there, written in journal form in comfortably large print and liberally illustrated with handsome colored woodcuts. His entries offer brief yet penetrating glimpses of Pilgrim life and his own hopes and fears, and his conversational narrative provides easily absorbed information on early American food, housing, religion, clothing, family life, and the local Indians. The strict Puritans of stocks and eight-hour Sabbath services are here, as are the fun-loving, dancing and drinking Pilgrims and "Strangers" of the colony. The youthful voice and observations, in language that is a remarkable blend of clarity and period flavor, provide a more intimate and involving picture of the period than more straightforward factual accounts. However, while there are many facts here-indeed, young readers might mistakenly assume that the journal itself is a historical document-there are no sources or notes. Bowen plays with the timing of at least one incident, and it would be interesting to know where any other liberties have been taken. Also, unfamiliar terms appear and their meanings are not always deducible from the context. Still and all, this is a lively, quality addition. Marcia Sewall's The Pilgrims of Plimoth (Atheneum, 1986) is more straightforward, is told in quainter language, and is illustrated with expressionistic paintings.
	Straphanging in the USA: Trolleys and Subways in American Life Author: Sandler, Martin W. Key Words: transit history Description: Grade 5-8-Similar in style and format to Sandler's Riding the Rails in the USA (Oxford, 2003), this title explores the development of various modes of transportation used to move large numbers of people in urban areas. From early-19th-century, horse-drawn omnibuses to modern subways, the author introduces numerous transit systems, detailing the technological innovations that made them possible as well as their effects on the day-to-day lives of the people who used them. The fascinating narrative is embellished with reproductions of historical photos and illustrations and period quotes from newspapers, magazines, and books. This offering will capture the interest of casual readers and provide researchers with plenty of information about this slice of American life. A list of places to visit is included.
	The Street Author: Petry, Ann Key Words: african american history Description: Ann Petry puts forth a painfully honest treatise on black/white relations in The Street, and while it was written nearly fifty years ago, her unblinking insights and powerful commentary on the dynamics of race in the United States remain accurate today. Lutie Johnson, an intelligent, strong, and beautiful black woman, is the vehicle for Ann Petry's message. Separated from her husband, Lutie is doing her best to raise an eight-year-old son, achieve independence from her father, advance in her job, and work her way out of the Harlem streets, which she calls "The North's lynch mobs ... the method the big cities use to keep Negroes in their place." Streetwise, she is able to avoid being conned and to exploit a con artist to get ahead. Though her self-knowledge is thorough, it can't stop her entanglement in a tradition of oppression and an upbringing which blames whites for present afflictions. Her goals and values are her strength, enabling her to make decisions when there is no apparent choice and to face a justice system fraught with injustice. She ultimately escapes, but not without a sacrifice that rips apart any woman's heart. 2-14.
	Sugar on Snow Author: Rossiter, Nan Parson (Illustrator) Key Words: sugaring Description: PreSchool-Grade 2-An overview of a special spring harvest in the Vermont woods. Seth and Ethan help their parents collect sap and make maple syrup. Seth is particularly excited about his chance to drive the small tractor that pulls the collecting tank to the sugar bush. From rising at dawn to eating fresh maple syrup drizzled on snow late in the evening, the boys pitch in with the tasks required to turn maple sap into a golden treat. The afterword summarizes a Native American legend about maple syrup and briefly describes current technology that simplifies sap collection. The illustrations of wildlife and the woods are clear and engaging. Each text block is accompanied by a close-up of a bird or animal, often enlarged from the scene on the facing page. However, the people have a static, somewhat idealized quality, as though posing for tableaux in an outdoor clothing catalog. Less nostalgic than Marsha Wilson Chall's Sugarbush Spring (Lothrop, 2000) and Jessie Haas's Sugaring (Greenwillow, 1996), Rossiter's book demonstrates how a family can contribute to a process that generates its own sweet rewards.
	Sugaring Author: Haas, Jessie Key Words: sugaring Description: PreSchool-K This third book featuring young Nora and her grandparents finds them engaged in the late winter ritual of sugaring on their small Vermont family farm. With its comforting tone, the smoothly written story is about giving and caring as well as the process of converting sap into syrup. As Nora helps her grandfather pour the sap from the trees, she attempts to give the patient workhorses a taste. Her efforts to reward them mirror the stages of the syrup: it flows through her fingers as sap from the tree; it's sticky, but still too runny after it has been boiled down to syrup; but is just right to give as a treat to the horses when Gram boils it down further into hard maple sugar. The realistic watercolor illustrations effectively capture the scenes; color and texture are skillfully used to depict the cold, hard job of gathering the sap and the hot steamy atmosphere of the sugar house. This satisfying story will be a welcome addition during any season.
	Survivors: True Stories of Children in the Holocaust Author: Zullo, Allan Key Words: holocaust Description: These are the true-life accounts of nine Jewish boys and girls whose lives spiraled into danger and fear as the Holocaust overtook Europe. In a time of great horror, these children each found a way to make it through the nightmare of war. Some made daring escapes into the unknown, others disguised their true identities, and many witnessed unimaginable horrors. But what they all shared was the unshakable belief in-- and hope for-- survival. Their legacy of courage in the face of hatred will move you, captivate you, and, ultimately, inspire you.
	Susan B. Anthony: Fighter for Women's Rights Author: Hopkinson, Deborah Key Words: womens studies Description: Grade 2-5 This biography presents Anthony as a lifelong advocate for women's equality, from childhood awareness through adult activism. Hopkinson recounts her subject's birth into a Quaker family, her education, her teaching career at a boarding school, and her return home to Rochester, NY, in order to work for change. Anthony's friendships with abolitionists and her family's participation in the Underground Railroad are briefly mentioned. Soft-edged illustrations complement the simple yet accurate text that informs emergent and reluctant readers of both the historical context and lasting importance of Anthony's contributions to the suffrage movement. With a clear vocabulary and an appealing presentation, this title makes an accessible introduction.
	Sweet Clara and the Freedom Quilt Author: Hopkinson, Deborah Key Words: underground railroad Description: Kindergarten-Grade 3-- Clara, a young slave, works as a seamstress and dreams of freedom. Overhearing drovers talk of escaping North enables her to make a patchwork map of the area. When she escapes, she leaves the quilt behind to guide others. Based on a true event, this is a well-written picture book. Ransome's oil paintings, however, are perhaps too smooth and rich for the story they tell. The world depicted is too bright, open, and clean. For example, in the first scene Clara has been put to work in the cotton fields. Supposedly too frail to last long at such work, she is pictured as a slim, serious, yet sturdy girl. The bright yellow sky and the charming smile of the boy with her belie the realities of the back-breaking work. In another scene, young Jack, who has been brought back the day before from running away, looks solemn, but not distressed, and is wearing what appears to be a freshly ironed white shirt. Again, the image distances viewers from the realities of the situation. Clara's escape to Canada, too, is marvelously easy, although she does say, "But not all are as lucky as we were, and most never can come." It is not easy to present the horrors of slavery to young children; thus, even though Ransome's illustrations, and to some extent the text, err on the side of caution, this is an inspiring story worth inclusion in most collections.
	Sybil Ludington's Midnight Ride Author: Amstel, Marsha Key Words: paul reverel Description: Gr 2-4-A readable account of one heroine of the American Revolution. On April 26, 1777, in Patterson (now Ludington), NY, Colonel Ludington received word that the British were attacking and burning Danbury, CT. His 16-year-old daughter eagerly volunteered to spread the word and gather his troops in a dangerous midnight ride. Traveling over dirt roads in pouring rain, encountering outlaws, and battling fatigue, she accomplished her mission. As a result of her efforts, the troops arrived in time to push the British back to their boats rather than complete their march into New York. The afterword explains the young woman's further role in America's fight for independence. The full or half-page watercolor illustrations complement the straightforward, simple text. This is a worthwhile addition to history collections, especially those in need of titles for early or reluctant readers.
	Sybil's Night Ride Author: Winnick, Karen B. Key Words: american revolution Description: In this picture book, 16-year-old Sybil Ludington races along the dark forest road on her horse, Star, proving herself a brave patriot. Daughter of a colonel in the Revolutionary fight, Sybil is inspired by her father's courage to alert his 400 troops that the British are burning Danbury, New York. On hearing Sybil's alarm, the men muster at Ludington's and are able to help push back the Redcoats. Intensifying the innate drama of the ride are an episode of a deer darting across the messengers' path, and a close call with a Loyalist who would have foiled Sybil's plan. Winnick uses muted earthy colors in her artwork, applying them with a gouache-like texture that evokes the feeling of the flashing white raindrops cutting through the black night and pelting down on Sybil and Star. Details in the text and illustrations, and an archival map of Sybil's route, reinforce this story of a little-known historic episode, which will make a good companion to Katherine Kirkpatrick's Redcoats and Petticoats.
	Take the Lead, George Washington Author: George, Judith St. Key Words: george washington Description: Grade 1-5 - Part of a series that highlights pivotal events in the lives of young men who went on to become President of the United States, this picture book focuses on the impact a surveying trip had on Washington in his 16th year. The lively, engaging text presents an eerily contemporary childhood (lots of moving) and family life (siblings, half-siblings, dad as head of household, older brother as head of household, a strict and opinionated mother). St. George does a wonderful job of presenting Washington's can-do attitude and incipient charisma. He comes across as thoroughly likable, intelligent, and curious - the kind of person almost anyone would want to know. Large, kinetic, and humorous, Powers's watercolor cartoons extend the narrative well. The only quibble is that the picture-book format may well put off older students who would most benefit from the fairly high-level text. A final page gives a brief snapshot of Washington's life. This is both a sound companion to Roslyn Schanzer's George vs. George (National Geographic, 2004), which looks at the whole life through the lens of the American Revolution, and a solid replacement for the D'Aulaires' venerable George Washington (Doubleday, 1936).
	Taking Liberty: The Story of Oney Judge, George Washington's Runaway Slave Author: Rinaldi, Ann Key Words: ann rinaldi, young adult historical fiction, jenni, slavery, oney judge Description: In this swiftly paced historical novel, Rinaldi (Girl in Blue) chronicles the life of Oney Judge, favorite "servant (they were never called slaves)" to Lady Martha Washington. By Oney's own admission in the prologue, as Lady Washington's "pet," she enjoyed "a life of comparative ease and even luxury." Oney surreptitiously learns to read (and though this violates the law, Lady Washington keeps her secret), wears fine clothes and accompanies the General's family to New York and Philadelphia. Rinaldi seamlessly weaves history and strong characters, from the mansion house to the servants' quarters, to offer a balanced portrait of their complex and contradictory interactions. The author demonstrates why Oney is reluctant to leave her "home" and "family." A free black woman Oney befriends in Philadelphia forewarns, "That's the worst way to be, you know, treated like a daughter.... It's another way of binding you to them." Rinaldi so persuasively portrays Oney's loyalty that when she realizes what the family truly thinks of her, readers may well feel as betrayed as Oney herself does. Some readers will be concerned that Rinaldi continues the use of the historically accurate term "Negroes" in her author's note, but the excerpts included from primary source material, including George Washington's writings, further illuminate the conflicts of the period. This memorable heroine and novel offer a thought-provoking exploration of the courage needed to grasp freedom. Ages 12-up.
	Tapenum's Day: A Wampanoag Indian Boy In Pilgrim Times Author: Waters, Kate Key Words: colonial, pilgrims Description: Grade 2-4 By following a boy through his day, readers learn how the Wampanoag Indians lived in the 1600s. Their homes, clothing, food, and weapons are shown and explained in the course of the story. Their societal structure is introduced as Tapenum describes each family member's duties and his own desire to become a respected member of his community. Relating the information from his perspective makes it accessible and personal for youngsters. If they do not read the back matter, however, they may not understand that Tapenum is a representative figure, not a real person, and that his experiences are based on conjecture, not fact. The book is successful in showing that kids are kids no matter where or when they live. Large, colorful photographs, taken at a re-created Indian homesite at Plymouth Plantation in Massachusetts, add strong visual impact. The text and pictures both demonstrate good attention to detail. Endnotes explain that much of what is known about the Wampanoags comes from archaeological findings in the area. They also provide background information and explain how history is re-created at the homesite. A glossary gives definitions and pronunciations for Wampanoag words and names used in the story. The book is a companion volume to Sarah Morton's Day (1991) and Samuel Eaton's Day (1993, both Scholastic), which describe children's lives in a 17th-century Pilgrim settlement.
	Tea With an Old Dragon: A Story of Sophia Smith, Founder of Smith College Author: Yolen, Jane Key Words: smith college Description: Gr 2-4-Young Louisa's curiosity is piqued when the formidable Miss Sophy Smith drives by in her carriage and the boys with whom she is playing refer to its occupant as the "Old Dragon." When Louisa repeats the boys' appellation for this pillar of Hatfield society, the girl's mother sends her off to her room without lunch. After being liberated from her confinement, Louisa sets off to determine who or what this old dragon has to do with the elderly woman. She, of course, begins at the source. Rather than resenting the intrusion of this curious, perplexed child into her fine home, Miss Sophy is charmed by Louisa's direct manner. The two have tea and conversation despite the woman's limited hearing. Louisa plays her new friend's grand piano on her first visit and returns frequently to do so until, to her great disappointment, the child's family moves. The illustrations are executed in oil with an American folk-art flavor consistent with the period in which the story is set. Although somewhat static, the attractive paintings do give a sense of life in a 19th-century New England town. The current president of Smith College has written the introduction, and the author includes an afterword. This smoothly written, mildly humorous historical slice of life is bound to have a regional appeal, but may have difficulty finding a broader readership.
	Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln Author: Goodwin, Doris Kearns Key Words: abraham lincoln Description: Her perspective is focused enough to offer fresh insights into Lincoln's leadership style and his deep understanding of human behavior and motivation. Goodwin makes the case for Lincoln's political genius by examining his relationships with three men he selected for his cabinet, all of whom were opponents for the Republican nomination in 1860: William H. Seward, Salmon P. Chase, and Edward Bates. These men, all accomplished, nationally known, and presidential, originally disdained Lincoln for his backwoods upbringing and lack of experience, and were shocked and humiliated at losing to this relatively obscure Illinois lawyer. Yet Lincoln not only convinced them to join his administration--Seward as secretary of state, Chase as secretary of the treasury, and Bates as attorney general--he ultimately gained their admiration and respect as well. How he soothed egos, turned rivals into allies, and dealt with many challenges to his leadership, all for the sake of the greater good, is largely what Goodwin's fine book is about. Had he not possessed the wisdom and confidence to select and work with the best people, she argues, he could not have led the nation through one of its darkest periods. Ten years in the making, this engaging work reveals why "Lincoln's road to success was longer, more tortuous, and far less likely" than the other men, and why, when opportunity beckoned, Lincoln was "the best prepared to answer the call." This multiple biography further provides valuable background and insights into the contributions and talents of Seward, Chase, and Bates. Lincoln may have been "the indispensable ingredient of the Civil War," but these three men were invaluable to Lincoln and they played key roles in keeping the nation intact.
	Tell All the Children Our Story: Memories and Mementos of Being Young and Black in America Author: Bolden, Tonya Key Words: black history Description: In what her preface describes as "this scrapbook, this witness of the black experience in miniature," Bolden (The Book of African-American Women) presents a pastiche of visuals and narratives spotlighting American children of African descent, from colonial times to the present. An abundance of period photographs, paintings, drawings and handsomely set-off extracts from memoirs, letters and journals create the appearance of a scrapbook or album; more importantly, they allow readers to immerse themselves directly in the historical past. An 1861 photograph of children outside an orphanage in New York City, for example, adds immediacy to the accompanying information that the orphanage was looted and set on fire during the Draft Riots of 1863. The first-hand accounts are often heartrending: in an 1868 letter to a Sunday school class in the North, a seven-year-old from Alabama whose mother has died and whose father "went off with the Yankees" writes, "Perhaps I shall get on the cars some time and come to see you. Would you speak to a black boy?" Bolden's overview meanders at times, but it is filled with intriguing, little-known facts, e.g., in March 1955, nine months before Rosa Parks touched off the Montgomery bus boycott by refusing to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger, 15-year-old Claudette Colvin of Birmingham, Ala., was arrested for the same offense. This impressively researched, imaginatively presented history evokes deep appreciation for the struggles, perseverance and triumphs of young black Americans. Ages 9-12.
	Ten Little Indians Author: Alexie, Sherman Key Words: alexie, native american, seattle, literary fiction, sherman alexie, short stories, washington state Description: Fluent, exuberant and supremely confident, this outstanding collection shows Alexie (The Toughest Indian in the World, etc.) at the height of his powers. Humor plays a leading role in the volume's nine stories, but it's love, both romantic and familial, that is the lens through which Alexie examines his compelling characters. His range stretches from the strange to the poignantly antic. In "Can I Get a Witness" an Indian woman is caught inside a restaurant when a suicide bomber blows himself up; in "Do Not Go Gentle" a father buys a vibrator dubbed "Chocolate Thunder" and uses it as a spiritual talisman to successfully bring his seriously injured baby out of a coma. In one of the book's finest stories, "The Search Engine," Corliss Joseph, an intrepid 19-year-old Spokane Indian college student, finds an obscure 1973 volume of Indian poetry and tracks down the author, an aging forklift operator with painful memories of his foray into the literary world. Basketball looms large in a number of these stories, from the thoughtful "Lawyer's League" to the superb final entry, "What Ever Happened to Frank Snake Church?" Loose, jaunty and salted with long, hilarious, inspired riffs-"What kind of life had she created for herself? She was a laboratory mouse lost in the capitalistic maze. She was an underpaid cow paying one-tenth mortgage on a three-bedroom, two-bath abattoir"-these are still cohesive, powerful narratives, expanding on Alexie's continuing theme of what it means to be an Indian culturally, politically and personally. This is a slam dunk collection sure to score with readers everywhere.
	The Ten-Hour Movement Author: Lowell National Historical Park Key Words: women, labor movement Description: THE TEN-HOUR MOVEMENT: WOMEN AND THE EARLY LABOR MOVEMENT is one of several educational materials developed for "students to learn about the American Industrial Revolution through hands-on activities." Designed for students in Grades 8-12.
	Terrible Storm Author: Hurst, Carol Otis Key Words: westfield, ma Description: "My grandfathers grew up in the hills around Westfield, Massachusetts, and were friends from the time they were boys." Then personable Grandpa Walt and shy Grandpa Fred, now old men, take over the narrative, recounting the story of the big snow of 1888. At this point, Schindler's sharp, sly art cuts the pages in half, and, telling the tale in tandem, each man describes what happened that day. Walt was chopping wood, and Fred was delivering milk when the storm began. The well-wrought pictures show the snow flying progressively harder across several spreads until the men finally find shelter in the worst place possible given each man's personality--Walt in a lonely barn, and Fred with a houseful of neighbors. The same terse text sometimes relates to both the top and the bottom picture on each page; "Not much of a place to sleep" refers to Walt sleeping on a haystack covered by cats as well as Fred sleeping with a bunch of people who are scattered all over the bedroom. Humor is everywhere, but the funniest pictures show the men shoveling out of the snow, passing one another through the drifts. This lively, clever story, based on a real storm, neatly captures both the oddities of nature and how differing natures view the same event.
	Thank You, Sarah: The Woman Who Saved Thanksgiving Author: Anderson, Laurie Halse Key Words: thanksgiving Description: This tale of a little-known historical heroine touts the power of the pen and persistence. With an irreverent tone ("You think you know everything about Thanksgiving, don't you?") and caricatures that play up past Americans' laissez-faire attitude, Anderson (Speak) and Faulkner (The Amazing Voyage of Jackie Grace) chart the progress of Sarah Hale, whose relentless letters and 38 years of petitioning presidents, secured Thanksgiving's status as a national holiday. A hilarious spread of presidents Taylor and Filmore passing the buck to Pierce (Lincoln finally makes the day official in 1863) typifies the balance of humor and history in this snappy volume. An afterword offers additional delectable facts (e.g., FDR tried moving up the holiday in 1939 and '40 to extend the holiday shopping season; Hale also wrote "Mary Had a Little Lamb"). Ages 5-10.
	Thanksgiving in the White House Author: Hines, Gary Key Words: thanksgiving Description: Kindergarten-Grade 3-The author/illustrator team that created A Christmas Tree in the White House (Holt, 1998) has set another holiday story in the presidential mansion. Young Tad Lincoln, horrified to learn that his tame turkey is destined to be served at the Thanksgiving feast, begs his father to pardon his pet. This fictionalized account of a true incident is filled with tidbits about Tad's known antics in the White House-charging visitors tolls, setting up a fruit stand, and discharging a toy cannonball into the Cabinet Room door. They add touches of humor to the tale, as do the stylized gouache illustrations. A few of Wallner's paintings are inconsistent in proportion or perspective, but give the overall impression of charming folk art. An informational section at the end features a photograph of Lincoln with his son and explains that, though much of the story is invented, Tad's exploits were legendary; those mentioned in the book are based on actual accounts. A brief explanation of the Civil War and description of Abraham Lincoln's life and presidency are appended. Pair this with Laurie Halse Anderson's Thank You, Sarah: The Woman Who Saved Thanksgiving (S & S, 2002) to give students an overview of 1863, the year Thanksgiving was declared a national holiday.
	Theodore Rex Author: Morris, Edmund Key Words: teddy roosevelt Description: In this lively biography, Edmund Morris returns to the gifted, energetic, and thoroughly controversial man whom the novelist Henry James called "King Theodore." In his two terms as president of the United States, Roosevelt forged an American empire, and he behaved as if it was his destiny. In this sequel to his Pulitzer Prize-winning biography The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, Morris charts Roosevelt's accomplishments: the acquisition of the Panama Canal and the Philippines, the creation of national parks and monuments, and more. "Collaring Capital and Labor in either hand," Morris writes, Roosevelt made few friends, but he usually got what he wanted--and earned an enduring place in history. Morris combines a fine command of the era's big issues with an appreciation for the daily minutiae involved in governing a nation. Less controversially inventive, but no less readable, than the Ronald Reagan biography Dutch, Theodore Rex gives readers new reason both to admire and fault an American phenomenon.
	They Called Her Molly Pitcher Author: Rockwell, Anne Key Words: american revolution Description: George Washington made her a sergeant in the Continental Army for her bravery, and Rockwell (Only Passing Through) gives her star treatment in this stirring picture book biography. She's Mary (better known as Molly) Hays, and in 1777 she followed her husband to war and straight into the annals of American history. After surviving a winter at Valley Forge, Molly continued on with the remaining soldiers to the Battle of Monmouth (N.J.), fought on a sweltering June day. Molly spends the day fearlessly dodging cannon and musket fire to bring pitchers of water to heat-stricken soldiers and, later, manning the cannon left by her injured husband. Without sacrificing the dramatic momentum, the author also assesses the Americans' military tactics and training (or lack thereof) versus British expectations and mores (despite temperatures approaching 100 degrees, British soldiers wore fur hats and heavy wool suits). Rockwell finds opportunities for humor (in later life, it seems, the only fault her employers ever found with her was that she swore like a soldier) and for her own opinions (after Washington honors Molly, no soldier sneered at the thought of a woman being a sergeant in his army). Von Buhler (Little Girl in a Red Dress with Cat and Dog) works in a folk-art style, and flat perspectives, sturdy brushwork and light crackling effects give her paintings a colonial look. Ages 7-10.
	They Had a Dream: The Civil Rights Struggle from Frederick Douglass...Malcolm X Author: Archer, Jules Key Words: civil rights Description: Grade 6 Up- Black history in America began in 1619 with the importation of 20 Africans as bound servants. It has continued through the centuries, and is vividly reflected here in the lives of the four men of the title. Even though all were remarkable individuals, Archer takes into account their human frailties and depicts them as believable figures. A first and final chapter fill in the eras of American black history not covered in the biographies. The injustice inflicted on people of African descent in America is described in some biting words throughout the text. Some controversial statements are undocumented and may leave readers skeptical or misinformed. For example, Abraham Lincoln is depicted as a racist; George Bush is repeatedly accused of running a racist campaign in 1988.
	The Things They Carried Author: O'Brien, Tim Key Words: vietnam war Description: "They carried all the emotional baggage of men who might die. Grief, terror, love, longing--these were intangibles, but the intangibles had their own mass and specific gravity, they had tangible weight. They carried shameful memories. They carried the common secret of cowardice.... Men killed, and died, because they were embarrassed not to." A finalist for both the 1990 Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Award, The Things They Carried marks a subtle but definitive line of demarcation between Tim O'Brien's earlier works about Vietnam, the memoir, If I Die in a Combat Zone, and the fictional, Going After Cacciato. This sly, almost hallucinatory book is neither memoir nor novel nor collection of short stories, but rather an artful combination of all three. Vietnam is still O'Brien's theme, but in this book, he seems less interested in the war itself than in the myriad different perspectives from which he depicts it.
	Thirteen Moons on Turtle's Back Author: Bruchac, Joseph Key Words: native american Description: To many Native Americans, the 13 cycles of the moon represent the changing seasons and the passage of time. Each moon has its own special name that, while varying among the tribal nations, is consistent with the legend that the 13 scales on Old Turtle's back hold the key to these moons. The authors present 13 poems that take readers through the year, from the "Moon of Popping Trees"--when the "cottonwoods crack with frost"--to the "Big Moon" of the Abenakis. The book's effective design consists of verses in vertical columns at the left of each spread, with the remainder occupied by Locker's ( Family Farm ; Catskill Eagle ) typically lush artwork. His oil paintings are eye-catching in their depth of color reflecting dramatic seasonal changes. Trees, skies and woodland creatures are rendered in vivid hues that combine to produce an enthralling vision. This unusual and intelligent book is an exemplary introduction to Native American culture with its emphasis on the importance of nature. All ages.
	This Land is Your Land Author: Guthrie, Woody Key Words: folk song Description: From California to the New York island, readers of all ages will be singing the praises of this picture-book tribute to a legendary folk musician and one of his best-known compositions. The popular version of the song, which Guthrie recorded in 1949, omitted some of Guthrie's original lyrics. Restored here, those verses broaden the song, transforming it to an anthem for the downtrodden: "In the shadow of the steeple I saw my people;/ By the relief office I seen my people;/ As they stood there hungry, I stood there asking,/ Is this land made for you and me?" Acclaimed folk artist Jakobsen's (My New York) expansive, sparkling oil landscapes depict the natural beauty of the country?a stand of redwoods, a country campground, etc. In several multi-paneled spreads, Guthrie stars as wandering troubadour, carrying his guitar from coast to coast and landmark to landmark (all clearly labeled). These spreads are bordered with geometric designs inspired by traditional "tramp art" carvings, while their corners contain hand-lettered snippets of Guthrie lyrics and quotes. One memorable page features a star-studded cast of musicians who have performed Guthrie's songs over the years and also a roster of artists who played at a Woody Guthrie tribute concert in 1996, all of whom are identified in small print. As an added bonus, the final pages contain a tribute from fellow singer/songwriter Pete Seeger; a brief biography of Guthrie, illustrated with black-and-white family photographs; and complete music and lyrics to "This Land Is Your Land." This beautiful homage to America and to a favorite folksinger is sure to be a family treasure. All ages.
	This Time, Tempe Wick Author: Gauch, Patricia Lee Key Words: american revolution Description: Everyone knows Tempe Wick is a most surprising girl, but she exceeds even her own reputation when two mutinous Revolutionary soldiers try to steal her beloved horse.
	Thomas Jefferson's Feast Author: Murphy, Frank Key Words: thomas jefferson Description: Did you know that every time you munch on a french fry or snack on ice cream, you have Thomas Jefferson to thank? It's true! This founding father was one of America's first foodies. After a visit to France, he introduced all sorts of yummy treats to America including one that upset more than just tummies and created a culinary controversy! Get the scoop in this deliciously funny, true story guaranteed to tempt even the most reluctant readers!
	A Thousand Years Over a Hot Stove: A History of American Women Told through Food, Recipes, and Remembrances Author: Schenone, Laura Key Words: women's history Description: For centuries, society has dictated that one of a woman's most important roles is feeding the family. The integral process of feeding the family often involved more than merely cooking meals. For many women, food preparation might have also included planting, gathering, foraging, storing, shopping, socializing, serving, and cleaning up. In America, as in most other countries, women have traditionally been perceived as natural nurturers responsible for providing both food and comfort in large quantities. Schenone interweaves more than 50 diverse recipes with a wealth of historical anecdotes, trivia, and illustrations. Drawing from a wide variety of backgrounds and recipes, this lively, loving tribute to the female culinary experience crosses cultural and socioeconomic divides in authentic American fashion. Fascinating social history with a heaping helping of home cooking thrown in for good measure.
	Time For Kids: Benjamin Franklin: A Man of Many Talents Author: Satterfield, Kathryn Hoffman (Editor) Key Words: benjamin franklin Description: Take a close-up look at Benjamin Franklin, a jack-of-all-trades who served his country well. Interviews with experts and lively writing deliver the accurate reporting you expect from TIME For Kids. Historical reproductions and contemporary photographs capture the life of this ingenious man and show how he made life better and safer for Americans today.
	To Be A Slave Author: Lester, Julius Key Words: slavery, black history Description: What was it like to be a slave? Listen to the words and learn about the lives of countless slaves and ex-slaves, telling about their forced journey from Africa to the United States, their work in the fields and houses of their owners, and their passion for freedom. You will never look at life the same way again.
	To Be a Slave (Point Author: No Author Key Words: slavery Description: To be a slave. To be owned by another person, as a car, house, or a table is owned. To live as a piece of property that could be sold... This book is about how it felt. The words of black men and women who had themselves been slaves are here, accompanied by Julius Lester's historical commentary and Tom Feelings's powerful and muted paintings, To Be a Slave has been a touchstone in children's literature for over thirty years.
	Tools and Gadgets Author: Kalman, Bobbie Key Words: colonial tools and gadgets Description: Tools and Gadgets would be an excellent choice for anyone to get information on tools in use in historic living history settings or the various "tools of the trade" that were in use in nineteenth century American trades and occupations. Learn how to identify mystifying gadgets used in the past by farmers, millers, woodworkers, metalworkers, printers, and doctors.
	Torchlight Author: Hurst, Carol Otis Key Words: immigration Description: Grade 4-6--It is 1854, and in Westfield, MA, trouble is brewing. A wave of Irish immigrants has been coming to town, first to work on a canal and later to work in one of the local whip factories. Their growing presence is a threat to the "Yankees" who have settled there, and the novel opens with a sense of impending doom. In the midst of the turmoil, Charlotte Hodge befriends one of the Irish girls at school. Maggie Nolan's life is very different from hers-Charlotte's guardian operates a whip factory and Maggie's father works for him-yet the two fifth graders quickly become friends, resulting in Charlotte being harassed and bullied by the other Yankee girls and Maggie being pressured by her family to end the relationship. When trouble finally comes, the girls' steadfast friendship helps diffuse the mob threatening to burn down the new Catholic church. Mixing historical fact with dramatic tension, Hurst's fast-moving and interesting novel will spark discussions about prejudice and racism, and introduce readers to the anti-Irish sentiments of this era.
	Touching the Sky: The Flying Adventures of Wilbur and Orville Wright Author: Borden, Louise Key Words: wright brothers Description: Grade 2-5-At last, a new twist on the aviators' story-one that recognizes them as "the first celebrities of the 20th century." It took a few years after their historic first flight for the brothers to achieve renown, but by 1909, when the events in this book take place, they were indeed acclaimed and invited to give public exhibitions. The events of 1903 are summarized in the authors' introduction, but here they take readers even higher, touching the sky above New York Harbor and Berlin's Templehof Field. Both brothers had been invited to participate in New York City's 300th-anniversary celebration named in honor of explorer Henry Hudson and inventor Robert Fulton. Orville had already committed to a contract in Europe so Wilbur packed his bags and his flyer and headed for New York with his mechanic. These two events, marking one of the few times the almost inseparable brothers were apart, are uniquely re-created here. Fiore's detailed watercolors dramatically and accurately record the two venues. The narrative, too, is laced with engaging facts that are successfully married to the pictures. The engaging presentation ends with a short epilogue that completes the Wrights' story, an aviation time line, and two 1909 maps-one of Manhattan island with highlighted monuments, one of Europe.
	Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation Author: Ehle, John Key Words: trail of tears Description: One of the many ironies of U.S. government policy toward Indians in the early 1800s is that it persisted in removing to the West those who had most successfully adapted to European values. As whites encroached on Cherokee land, many Native leaders responded by educating their children, learning English, and developing plantations. Such a leader was Ridge, who had fought with Andrew Jackson against the British. As he and other Cherokee leaders grappled with the issue of moving, the land-hungry Georgia legislatiors, with the aid of Jackson, succeeded in ousting the Cherokee from their land, forcing them to make the arduous journey West on the infamous "Trail of Tears." Popular history for public libraries.
	The Trouble They Seen: The Story Of Reconstruction In The Words Of African Americans Author: Sterling, Dorothy Key Words: reconstruction Description: Most histories of Reconstruction deal primarily with political issues and the larger conflicts between Democrats and Republicans, notherners and southerners. The Trouble They Seen departs from this approach to examine in their own words the lives of ordinary ex-slaves who had few skills and fewer opportunities. People are by now familiar with names like Frederick Douglass, Martin R. Delany, and Robert Smalls, but they know little of the men and women of more modest distinction, less still of the anonymous millions whose lives have been recorded in letters, diaries, newspaper accounts, and official documents. Editor Dorothy Sterling has drawn on these primary sources and with cogent commentary depicts the African American experience during Reconstruction, from 1865 to 1877. The period unfolds with immediacy and drama in the voices of African Americans: the problems and promise of the first year; the role of the Freedmen's Bureau; anti-black violence; the initiation of political participation; the development of black colleges; the renaissance in the African American community, a time of unprecedented progress in the fields of politics, education, economics, and culture; and the inevitable tragic struggle by African Americans against southern white efforts to resume political power and to fetter black freedom with a thousand chains more durable than slavery.
	The Trouble with Henry: A Tale of Walden Pond Author: O'Neal, Deborah Key Words: american history, childrens books, henry david thoreau, literature, picture books, transcendentalism Description: Grade 2-5; When Henry David Thoreau leaves Concord, MA, to live in his cabin at Walden Pond, the townsfolk think that he is crazy. They do not share his concerns about the loss of natural resources and view the construction of factories, industrial activity, and even the polluted air as signs of progress. At the end of a long winter, the mayor announces that a toothpick factory will be built near Walden Pond. Thoreau attends the town meeting and encourages everyone to join him for a walk in the woods. The townsfolk breathe in clean air, marvel at spring flowers, and chuckle at the antics of animals. They realize that the woods are precious and worth saving. The straightforward language reads like an informational book, and adults who introduce this title to children will need to explain the difference between the factual versus fictional events. Schindler portrays Thoreau as a lanky, healthy character in a village of pinched faces and upturned noses; he captures the gritty tones of an industrial village as well as the lushness of the forest.
	Truce Author: Murphy, Jim Key Words: world war I, long truce Description: On July 29th 1914, the world's peace was shattered as the artillery of the Austria-Hungary Empire began shelling the troops of the country to its south. What followed was like a row of falling dominoes as one European country after another rushed into war. Soon most of Europe was fighting in this calamitous war that could have been avoided. This was, of course, the First World War. But who could have guessed that on December 25 the troops would openly defy their commanding officers by stopping the fighting and having a spontaneous celebration of Christmas with their "enemies"? In what can only be described as a Christmas Miracle, this beautiful and heartrending narrative will remind everyone how brotherhood and love for one another reaches far beyond war and politics.
	True North Author: Lasky, Kathryn Key Words: slavery Description: Grade 6-9-An excellent work of historical fiction, carefully researched and poignantly told. In Virginia's Great Dismal Swamp in 1858, 14-year-old Afrika defies Harriet Tubman and chooses to stay with her dying newborn baby while the others continue to travel north. Afterwards, she resumes her flight from slavery to freedom alone. Meanwhile, Lucy Bradford of Boston finds the hoopla surrounding her older sister's wedding a total bore. She looks for some excitement and finds more than she bargained for when she discovers the young slave hiding in her grandfather's house. Suddenly, Lucy's predictable life is turned upside down as she helps the girl continue north. After Afrika reaches the safety of Canada and Lucy returns home, the two write to one another regularly. Finally, five decades later, Lucy welcomes Afrika to her Boston home. The two main characters are resilient, appealing, and complex. As the story switches back and forth from one to the other, the inevitability of their encounter and readers' curiosity about the circumstances under which this meeting will occur create a page-turning scenario. The grim realities of slavery are unforgettably revealed through Afrika, and the contrast between her life and Lucy's is starkly and effectively conveyed. The detailed settings add to the authenticity of the telling.
	The Twentieth Century: A People's History Author: Zinn, Howard Key Words: history, socialism, people, populism Description: Consistently lauded for its lively, readable prose, A People's History of the United States turns traditional textbook history on its head, as Howard Zinn infuses the often-submerged voices of blacks, women, American Indians, war resisters, and poor laborers of all nationalities into the narrative. The Twentieth Century uses the relevant chapters of that book as a starting point, expanding upon the story to provide a rich portrait of the United States from the jingoistic rise of Theodore Roosevelt to the Clinton presidency. If your last experience of American history was brought to you by junior-high-school textbooks--or even if you're a specialist--get ready for the other side of stories you may not even have heard. With its vivid descriptions of rarely noted events, The Twentieth Century is required reading for anyone who wants to take a fresh look at America's legacy as a world power. --This text refers to an alternate Paperback edition.
	U.S. Constitution and You, The Author: Sobel, Syl Key Words: constitution Description: All elementary school students learn about the history of the U.S. Constitution when they first begin social studies. This book is different. It tells boys and girls about the great American document itself--explaining exactly what the Constitution does, as well as how it affects and protects people today. Kids discover how the Constitution provides for the federal government's three branches--legislative, executive, and judicial. Then they see how it gives all citizens many rights, including the right to vote, to enjoy freedom of speech and the press, to worship--or not worship--according to one's religious beliefs, to disagree openly with government policy, and to defend oneself in courts of law when accused of crimes or civil wrongs. Kids also see how, according to the Constitution, many rights are kept beyond control of the federal government, and are reserved for the separate states, communities, and individuals. This book's language is clear and simple. It cites many examples that relate directly to each student's own experiences. (For grades 3-5)
	U.S. History Maps Author: Blattmer, Don Key Words: maps Description: From the ice age to the admission of the 50th state, enhance the study of any era in U.S. Maps are designed to be easily reproduced, projected, or scanned. Classroom activities and brief explanations of historical events are included.
	Ulysses S. Grant: Confident Leader and Hero Author: Hale, Sarah Elder (Editor) Key Words: Ulysses S. Grant Description: When the South seceded to form the Confederate States of America, few people knew the name Ulysses S. Grant. But by the end of the Civil War, the Union general had become a national hero. He possessed all of the qualities that President Abraham Lincoln wanted for the commander of the Union army. He was decisive, daring, and stubborn. Some Northerners proudly called him "Unconditional Surrender" Grant, because he would accept nothing less from a defeated enemy. Ulysses S. Grant: Confident Leader and Hero tells the story of the man who brought an end to the Civil War. Meet an Ohio boy with a passion for horses who grew up to be a great general and later a U.S. president. Explore how strategy and perseverance helped Grant win the battle of Shiloh. Discover why Confederate general Robert E. Lee believed that nowhere in history was there a better general than Ulysses S. Grant.
	Uncle Tom's Cabin Author: Stowe, Harriet Beecher Key Words: african american history, classic, historical fiction, abolition, civil war, history, slavery, 19th century american literature, african american, american classics, american fiction Description: The moving abolitionist novel that fueled the fire of the human rights debate in 1852 and melodramatically condemned the institution of slavery through such powerfully realized characters as Tom, Eliza, Topsy, Eva, and Simon Legree. First published more than 150 years ago, this monumental work is today being reexamined by critics, scholars, and students.
	Uncle Tom's Cabin and the Abolitionist Movement Author: Carlson, Julie Key Words: uncle toms cabin Description: Gr. 9-12. Each volume in this new series places an oft-assigned classic within historical context, with almost no emphasis on traditional literary analysis. Porterfield opens Treasure Island with a brief biography of Stevenson and a plot precis, then colorfully covers nineteenth-century seafaring and piracy, relating each topic to specific passages in the novel. Carlson's plot summary of Uncle Tom's Cabin is less prominently positioned, appearing almost as an afterthought to deft discussions of early American theories of race and the patronizing assumptions inherent in Stowe's (and many abolitionists') views. Both titles are generously illustrated with what the series terms "Primary Source Images," a somewhat curious designation that refers primarily to period engravings and photos of artifacts or documents.
	Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and the Opening of the American West Author: Ambrose, Stephen Key Words: lewis and clark Description: Ambrose has written prolifically about men who were larger than life: Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Colonel Custer. Here he takes on half of the two-headed hero of American exploration: Meriwether Lewis. Ambrose, his wife and five children have followed the footsteps of the Lewis and Clark expedition for 20 summers, in the course of which the explorer has become a friend of the Ambrose family; the author's affection shines through this narrative. Meriwether Lewis, as secretary to Thomas Jefferson and living in the White House for two years, got his education by being apprenticed to a great man. Their friendship is at the center of this account. Jefferson hand-picked Lewis for the great cross-country trek, and Lewis in turn picked William Clark to accompany him. The two men shook hands in Clarksville, Ohio, on October 14, 1803, then launched their expedition. The journals of the expedition, most written by Clark, are one of the treasures of American history. Here we learn that the vital boat is behind schedule; the boat builder is always drunk, but he's the only one available. Lewis acts as surveyor, builder and temperance officer in his effort to get his boat into the river. Alcohol continues to cause him problems both with the men of his expedition and later, after his triumphant return, in his own life, which ended in suicide at the age of 35.
	Under the Quilt of Night Author: Hopkinson, Deborah Key Words: freedom quilt Description: Under the quilt of night a young slave girl leads her loved ones away from the slave master who worked them: "hoeing and picking, / mending and sewing, / till my hands got raw." In this striking companion to Deborah Hopkinson and James Ransome's Sweet Clara and the Freedom Quilt, Hopkinson uses the rhythm of verse to echo the drumming of the slaves' feet as they travel along the Underground Railroad in pre-Civil War times. Ransome's oil painting illustrations are rich with the purple hues of night, and fraught with the tense emotions of the men, women, and children trying to escape--and those helping them. Over the course of the story, the deep purple gradually lightens, as the sun begins to rise and the slaves approach freedom. The final illustration is a veritable sunburst of brilliant orange and yellow. Our heroine's voice "flies up in song. / My own song / of running in sunshine / and dancing through fields. / I'll jump every fence in my way." A truly glorious celebration of the brave souls who kept alive the secret network of people helping others escape slavery. (Ages 5 to 11)
	The Underground Railroad and Those That Operated It (1900) Author: Greene, Aella Key Words: history Description:
	The Underground Railroad for Kids: From Slavery to Freedom with 21 Activities Author: Carson, Mary Kay Key Words: underground railroad Description: Gr. 6-9. "There's two things I've got a right to, and these are, Death or Liberty--one or the other I mean to have." Harriet Tubman's passionate avowal gives an inkling of the stirring sentiments and tense drama readers will encounter in the sixteenth For Kids book, this one an engaging exploration of "the complete ways and means that slaves fled bondage." Though the designation for kids is misleading (the text is most accessible to motivated middle-grade and early high-school audiences), Carson's primary source-enriched narrative will provide motivated readers with a palpable sense of the diversity of the Railroad's participants--from fugitive slaves to free blacks to white abolitionists, many of whom are profiled in biographical sidebars. The brown-and-black color scheme is lackluster, and the cheerfully described activities (tying a bundle around a yardstick to "see for yourself if carrying a load is easier when it's hung on a stick") strike a discordant note, but Carson's vibrant presentation of inherently action-packed subject matter is reason enough for purchase.
	Up Before Daybreak: Cotton And People In America Author: Hopkinson, Deborah Key Words: mills Description: Gr. 5-8. The author of Shutting Out the Sky: Life in the Tenements (2003) here explains to middle-graders how "the story of cotton . . . is like a thread that stretches far back into America's past." In unraveling that thread from the industrial revolution to the 1950s demise of the Lowell cotton mills, Hopkinson discusses the history and sociology of king cotton, frequently emphasizing the children who labored under slave masters, endured dead-end mill jobs, or helped sharecropping parents claw out a living. Stories of real people, such as mill girl Lucy Larcom who escaped the "incessant clash" of the looms to become a famous poet, sharply focus the dramatic history, as do arresting archival photos of stern youngsters manipulating hoes, cotton sags, or bobbins. Neither too long nor too dense, this won't intimidate students reluctantly tackling research projects, and teachers and children alike will welcome the concluding list of suggested readings for youth, the scholarly bibliography, and thorough endnotes. Rarely have the links between northern industry, southern agriculture, slavery, war, child labor, and poverty been so skillfully distilled for this audience.
	Up from Slavery: An Autobiography Author: Washington, Booker T. Key Words: booker t. washington Description: Nineteenth-century African American businessman, activist, and educator Booker Taliaferro Washington's Up from Slavery is one of the greatest American autobiographies ever written. Its mantras of black economic empowerment, land ownership, and self-help inspired generations of black leaders, including Marcus Garvey, Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X, and Louis Farrakhan. In rags-to-riches fashion, Washington recounts his ascendance from early life as a mulatto slave in Virginia to a 34-year term as president of the influential, agriculturally based Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. From that position, Washington reigned as the most important leader of his people, with slogans like "cast down your buckets," which emphasized vocational merit rather than the academic and political excellence championed by his contemporary rival W.E.B. Du Bois. Though many considered him too accommodating to segregationists, Washington, as he said in his historic "Atlanta Compromise" speech of 1895, believed that "political agitation alone would not save [the Negro]," and that "property, industry, skill, intelligence, and character" would prove necessary to black Americans' success. The potency of his philosophies are alive today in the nationalist and conservative camps that compose the complex quilt of black American society.
	US History Maps Author: Blattner, Don Key Words: maps up to late 1860s Description: From the Ice Age to the admission of the 50th state, this source enhances the study of any era in U.S. History. Maps are designed to be easily reproduced, projected, or scanned. Classroom activities and brief explanations of historical events included. Grades 5-9.
	Using Primary Sources in the Classroom Author: Shell Education Key Words: primary sources, history, pedagogy Description: Developed by social studies specialists, this resource helps any teacher turn the classroom into a primary sources learning environment. It explains the rationale behind using primary sources as an instructional tool, defines the various types of primary sources, and offers many strategies and activities for incorporating primary sources into your current curriculum, including cross-curricular ideas.
	USKids History: Book of the American Civil War Author: Egger-Bovet, Howard Key Words: civil war Description: Focuses on the experiences of individuals in the Civil War through first-person narratives, from the perspective of both the North and the South, and speeches delivered before and during the conflict.
	USKids History: Book of the American Colonies Author: Egger-Bovet, Howard Key Words: history, colonial Description: A conversational history of the American colonies, including factual information, stories, games, activities, and recipes. This book would be most useful to children interested in history who enjoy reading nonfiction for pleasure or to teachers looking for supplemental materials and projects to add to a colonial unit. It is not meant to be a definitive history of the American colonies, nor would it be particularly useful for reports. The impact of colonization on Native Americans is discussed in several areas of the text. The colonies are described roughly in the order they were settled, but little to no information is presented about New Hampshire, Connecticut, Delaware, or Maryland. The stories make the material accessible and fun to read, but could be misleading. Some of them appear to be based on primary sources, but there is no documentation. The list for further reading includes "The Colony of..." series (Watts; o.p.). Nonfiction has come a long way in the 25 years since those books were published in terms of discussing Native Americans, blacks, or women. "The Thirteen Colonies" (Children's, 1990) is a far better choice. Another positive feature of this new title is its inclusion of many different religious groups, explaining the differences among Pilgrims, Puritans, Quakers, etc. Black-and-white charcoal and pencil drawings help bring the time period into focus. Although the scholarship is a bit shaky, Book of the American Colonies is enjoyable reading and meets its goal of bringing history to life for children. Grades 4-6.
	USKids History: Book of the American Indians Author: Egger-Bovet, Howard Key Words: native american, american indians Description: Enhanced by legends, songs, craft projects, and other activities, a narrative survey of native American culture examines the daily lives, arts, social customs, history, and economy of native American peoples across the continent.
	USKids History: Book of the American Revolution Author: Egger-Bovet, Howard Key Words: American revolution Description: Combining brief fictionalized accounts of historical events with factual information, profiles of notable women and men, and related projects, these titles adopt a playful approach to teaching American history. Revolution describes life in the 13 colonies and the road to independence, including the Boston Tea Party, the winter at Valley Forge and the Battle of Yorktown. The hands-on sections include a play about the Boston Massacre, a game in which players take on the roles of a customs officer and a smuggler, and a recipe for "Old Glory Ice Cream." Biographies of Phillis Wheatley and Thomas Paine, as well as sections on pirates, secret codes and an early submarine, round out an already comprehensive volume. Less focused, American Indians explores the legends, traditions and customs of the many tribes that made their homes in what is now the United States. Various spreads are devoted to coming-of-age ceremonies, Hopi architecture, the whale hunts of the Makah and other topics. Activity ideas range from weaving baskets to making spirit figures and playing traditional games. The snappy, fast-paced lessons are short enough to whet the appetite without being overwhelming; lists of books and videos and information about visiting historic sites are appended. Ages 8-12.
	Vietnam War Author: Publishing, DK Key Words: vietnam war Description: Gr. 6-9. Like most DK books, this new entry in the Eyewitness Books series is jam-packed with detailed color photos and brief snippets of text that readers will want to return to again and again. Besides identifying major political and military figures from both sides of the conflict, photos and text also document supporters and protesters, as well as the medical workers and civilians caught in the crossfire. Pictures and descriptions of weaponry and machinery will please military buffs, while troubling descriptions of Napalm and Agent Orange expose the grim realities of warfare. Photos of memorabilia, such as patches, pins, and bracelets, add a personal dimension to the struggle. Fully illustrated end matter concludes, including factoids and FAQs, a detailed time line, and a glossary. This wide ranging resource, which holds appeal for readers well beyond the target audience, should reinforce DK's reputation for publishing visually captivating, dependable nonfiction.
	The Vietnam War: A History in Documents Author: Young, Marilyn B. Key Words: vietnam war Description: Grade 7 Up-This "documentary history" provides a social and political context for the conflict, with no military history and little coverage of the actual fighting. Instead, it focuses on the official documents, speeches, quotes, media commentary, and memoirs that trace the history of French and, later, American involvements in South East Asia. The documents are skillfully tied together by brief text that gives good background information. The authors primarily credit gross miscalculations on the part of American policy makers, such as John Foster Dulles and Robert S. McNamara, in helping lead the country into this conflict and are often critical of the United States politicians. A concluding section recounts a Vietnamese woman's return visit to her homeland long after the war, describes the changes in U.S./Vietnamese relations and attitudes, and looks at the role of the war in limiting the expansion of Communism. Related topics, such as the Civil Rights movement, Vietnam Veterans against the War, and the Kent State shootings, are covered, and ample information on Ho Chi Minh is included. The book is well balanced in showing both sides; the tragedy of the war is underlined by truly awful statistics on the amount of munitions used, the destruction of Vietnam, and the loss of life. Good-quality, black-and-white photos and illustrations are plentiful and informative.
	Vietnam: A History Author: Karnow, Stanley Key Words: history, vietnam, vietnam war Description: Provides a comprehensive look at both sides of the Vietnam War through a collection of personal tales and delves into the political and military events in the United States and elsewhere that originally caused the war and the brought it to an end. Reprint. TV tie-in."
	Vietnam: Echoes From the Wall - Teacher's Guide Author: Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund Key Words: Vietnam War, 60s, Vietnam Memorial, Vietnam Description:
	Visiting a Village Author: Kalman, Bobbie Key Words: colonial village Description: This book introduces children to the miller, the sawyer, and the storekeeper and shows how they worked together in the spirit of cooperation. The people in early villages used very little money. They traded goods and services for other goods and services. If they had extra grain, they exchanged it for planks from the sawmill or eggs from another farm. People who were skilled in making things traded the products they made for goods and services offered by others. This type of trading was called the barter system.
	A Voice From the Wilderness: The Story of Anna Howard Shaw Author: Brown, Don Key Words: suffrage Description: Focusing on another intrepid woman from the past, Brown (Uncommon Traveler: Mary Kingsley in Africa; Ruth Law Thrills a Nation) offers an anecdotal account of the life of Shaw, who is perhaps best known for her work as a suffragette. Her family emigrates to the U.S. from England in the mid-19th century and settles in Massachusetts. Yet Anna's father "believed a better life awaited the family in the West"; he and his son James travel to the wilds of Michigan to build a rudimentary cabin, which Anna and her siblings later make habitable. Weaving into his narrative Shaw's words from her 1915 autobiography, Brown explains how she takes charge after her father and James return east; she digs a well, plants crops, etc. As a young woman, she works as a teacher and seamstress, enrolls in college and later becomes a minister, then a doctor careers that Brown notes women "were discouraged from entering at the time." A concluding author's note fleshes out Shaw's story, while ironically emphasizing certain events more than those covered in the chronicle. Most notably, the narrative's minimal mention of Shaw's work for the women's suffrage movement does little to support the idea of these efforts as "her life's work," as Brown describes them in his afterword. Ultimately, this intriguing portrait of a true pioneer, with softly focused pen-and-ink and watercolor illustrations that underscore the barren Michigan landscape, may well ignite further reading on Shaw. Ages 4-8.
	A Voice of Her Own: A Story of Phillis Wheatley, Slave Poet Author: Lasky, Kathryn Key Words: phillis wheatley Description: Lasky (Sugaring Time) opens her lyrical portrait of Phillis Wheatley, the first published African-American woman poet, in 1761; her subject is about seven years old, huddled in the dark hold of a slave ship. The narrative evokes the child's image of her mother-whom she would never see again-performing her daily ritual to welcome the sun, a memory the girl "would treasure as if it were the most precious jewel." Lasky offers similarly intimate projections throughout, affording convincing approximations of Wheatley's intelligence and sensitivity. Arriving in Boston, the girl is purchased by Susannah Wheatley, who recognizes Phillis's intelligence and teaches her to read and write, "to prove that it was not only white people who could master languages and the arts." Imagining the girl's thoughts, the author stresses the ironies of the era, such as Phillis's taking her tea alone at a side table after reciting her poems in the parlors of Boston's "finest families." Phillis's poetry expresses sympathy for the American Revolution even as "the colonies in which Phillis lived as a slave were struggling to slip the chains of their own enslavement to England"); no American publisher will print her book, but a British publisher does. Readers hear Wheatley's own voice via a few excerpts of her poetry. Lee's (Amistad Rising) large-scale, realistic acrylic paintings emphasize Wheatley's strength and constancy amidst the turbulent tenor of her times. Young readers may not appreciate the extent of Wheatley's literary contributions, but her courage and achievement are certain to leave a strong impression. Ages 8-12.
	Voices from Slavery: 100 Authentic Slave Narratives Author: Yetman, Norman R. (Editor) Key Words: slavery Description: Vivid, first-person accounts of what it was like to be a slave in the antebellum South recounted in simple, often poignant language. Stark descriptions of the horrors of slave auctions, and many other unforgettable details of slave life. Accompanied by 32 compelling photographs and a new preface by the editor.
	Vote (DK Eyewitness Books) Author: Steele, Philip Key Words: voting Description: The most trusted nonfiction series on the market, Eyewitness Books provide an in-depth, comprehensive look at their subjects with a unique integration of words and pictures. Eyewitness Books now come with a giant wall chart and a CD of clip-art. Content gives a comprehensive overview of the voting process in government-how it has changed through history, and how it differs in republics around the world.
	Vote! Author: Christelow, Eileen Key Words: right to vote, elections Description: It's hard to imagine a more accessible introduction to voting. The words are straightforward, the art whimsical and creative, and two darling dogs provide color commentary on the action. The frame story is a mayoral election in which the mother of a young, African American named Angela Johnson is one of the candidates. The book follows the action from political rallies, fund-raisers, and debates through the election, ending with a successful recount. Along the way, all the pertinent questions are asked and answered: What is voting? Why doesn't everyone vote? Who decided who can vote? The latter question could have taken a book of its own to answer, but Angela explains in a few short pages, with the help of flashback art featuring colonialists, suffragettes, and minorities, how universal suffrage came about. The art, which mixes a deceptively simple comic-book style and more traditional full-page pictures, crackles with excitement, and the humorous asides by the doggie commentators not only help explain the action but also add extra bits of information. A glossary, a time line, and a resource list are appended. Vote aye on this one, and use it in the run up to next year's election. Gr. 2-5.
	Walking With Henry: Based on the Life and Works of Henry David Thoreau Author: Locker, Thomas Key Words: thoreau Description: Gr. 2-4. In this fictionalized picture book for older children, Henry David Thoreau hikes off into the wilderness with his walking stick and explains his philosophy of living in harmony with nature. The text, based on Thoreau's writings (which are excerpted but not sourced in an appended section), is concise and descriptive and in keeping with the ideas Thoreau expressed. As usual, Locker's luminescent landscapes are of museum quality; his attention to the details of Massachusetts's flora and fauna as well as his skillful use of lighting are particularly notable. This will be a nice complement to several other recent titles about Thoreau, especially D. B. Johnson's Henry Hikes to Fitchburg (2000) and Henry Builds a Cabin [BKL Mr 15 02] and Julie Dunlap's Louisa May and Mr. Thoreau's Flute. It may also be useful as an introduction to outdoor educational experiences.
	The Wall Author: Bunting, Eve Key Words: bellaonline recommends, eve bunting Description: Grade 1-4-- A boy and his father have come to the Vietnam War Memorial to look for the boy's grandfather's name among those who were killed in the war. They find his name surrounded, but far from lost, in the rows of print that "march side by side, like rows of soldiers." "I'm proud that your grandfather's name is on this wall," says the boy's father. The boy agrees, adding, "but I'd rather have my grandpa here." Before this powerful book is half finished, readers will be deeply moved. Bunting's understated prose captures the meaning of the memorial to the American people, especially to those who lost loved ones, without being maudlin or heavy-handed. Himler's gauzy watercolors are a perfect accompaniment: impressionistic enough for the characters to appear as everymen. A sensitive and moving picture book, and a great discussion book as well.
	The Wampanoag Author: Doherty, Katherine M. Key Words: wampanoag tribes Description: Here are vivid descriptions and histories of the life, customs, and art of major North and South American Indian tribes.
	The Wampanoags Author: Flanagan, Alice K. Key Words: wampanoag tribes Description: Presents the cultural, social, and historical achievements of the Wampanoags.
	A War, Peace, and All That Jazz: 1918-1945 A History of US Book 9 Author: Hakim, Joy Key Words: 1918-1945 Description: From woman's suffrage to Babe Ruth's home runs, from Louis Armstrong's jazz to Franklin Delano Roosevelt's four presidential terms, from the finale of one world war to the dramatic close of the second, War, Peace, and All That Jazz presents the story of some of the most exciting years in U.S. history. With the end of World War I, many Americans decided to live it up, going to movies, driving cars, and cheering baseball games a plenty. But alongside this post WWI spree was high unemployment, hard times for farmers, ever present racism, and, finally, the Depression, the worst economic disaster in U.S. history, flip flopping the nation from prosperity to scarcity. Along came one of our country's greatest leaders, F.D.R., who promised a New Deal, gave Americans hope, and then saw them through the horrors and victories of World War II. These three decades full of optimism and despair, progress and Depression, and, of course, War, Peace, and All That Jazz forever changed the United States.
	A War, Terrible War: 1855-1865 A History of US Book 6 Author: Hakim, Joy Key Words: 1855-1865 Description: Riveting, moving, and impossible to put down, War, Terrible War takes us into the heart of the Civil War, from the battle of Manassas to the battle of Gettysburg and on to the South's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Follow the common soldiers in blue and gray as they endure long marches, freezing winter camps, and the bloodiest battles ever fought on American soil. Off the war fields, War, Terrible War captures the passion and commitment of abolitionists and slaveowners alike in their fiery debates throughout the land. With profiles of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, John Brown, Harriet Tubman, Jefferson Davis, soldiers on both sides, slave owners, abolitionists, average citizens, and others, War, Terrible War is the compelling story of a people affected by the horrors of war during this tragic and dramatic period in A History of US.
	The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America's Great Migration Author: Wilkerson, Isabel Key Words: african american history, migration, 1940s, 1930s, 1950s, blacks, south Description: Ida Mae Brandon Gladney, a sharecropper's wife, left Mississippi for Milwaukee in 1937, after her cousin was falsely accused of stealing a white man's turkeys and was almost beaten to death. In 1945, George Swanson Starling, a citrus picker, fled Florida for Harlem after learning of the grove owners' plans to give him a "necktie party" (a lynching). Robert Joseph Pershing Foster made his trek from Louisiana to California in 1953, embittered by "the absurdity that he was doing surgery for the United States Army and couldn't operate in his own home town." Anchored to these three stories is Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Wilkerson's magnificent, extensively researched study of the "great migration," the exodus of six million black Southerners out of the terror of Jim Crow to an "uncertain existence" in the North and Midwest. Wilkerson deftly incorporates sociological and historical studies into the novelistic narratives of Gladney, Starling, and Pershing settling in new lands, building anew, and often finding that they have not left racism behind. The drama, poignancy, and romance of a classic immigrant saga pervade this book, hold the reader in its grasp, and resonate long after the reading is done. Copyright � Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
	Washington's Crossing Author: Fischer, David Hackett Key Words: george washington Description: At the core of an impeccably researched, brilliantly executed military history is an analysis of George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River in December 1776 and the resulting destruction of the Hessian garrison of Trenton and defeat of a British brigade at Princeton. Fischer's perceptive discussion of the strategic, operational and tactical factors involved is by itself worth the book's purchase. He demonstrates Washington's insight into the revolution's desperate political circumstances, shows how that influenced the idea of a riposte against an enemy grown overconfident with success and presents Washington's skillful use of what his army could do well. Even more useful is Fischer's analysis of the internal dynamics of the combatants. He demonstrates mastery of the character of the American, British and Hessian armies, highlighting that British troops, too, fought for ideals, sacred to them, of loyalty and service. Above all, Brandeis historian Fischer (Albion's Seed) uses the Trenton campaign to reveal the existence, even in the revolution's early stage, of a distinctively American way of war, much of it based on a single fact: civil and military leaders were accountable to a citizenry through their representatives. From Washington down, Fischer shows, military leaders acknowledged civil supremacy and worked with civil officials. Washington used firepower and intelligence as force multipliers to speed the war for a practical people who wanted to win quickly in order to return to their ordinary lives. Tempo, initiative and speed marked the Trenton campaign from first to last. And Washington fought humanely, extending quarter in battle and insisting on decent treatment of prisoners. The crossing of the Delaware, Fischer teaches, should be seen as emblematic of more than a turning of the war's tide. 91 halftone, 15 maps. 3-city author tour.
	Watch the Stars Come Out Author: Levinson, Riki Key Words: immigration Description: Grade 1-4 Many years ago two small immigrants made the boat journey alone from the Old World to Hester Street. Theirs is the special story that the young narrator's great-grandmother used to tell. The story is a common, satisfying one of a brother and sister's reunion with their parents. Nothing extraordinary happens, but of course, the family's life is changed forever. There is no dialogue in the story, and only the details important to a child are included, so that it resembles an oral history. This sparseness of text has left the field to the illustrator, in whose full-color drawings are crowds, faces and drama quite beyond this one family's tale. Young readers can return to the book many times with satisfaction: there is a lot to see, to guess at and talk about. In this year when the Statue of Liberty is being restored, this book becomes an excellent introduction to the passage through Ellis Island.
	We Are the Ship: The Story of Negro League Baseball Author: Nelson, Kadir Key Words: negro league baseball, african american history, jackie robinson Description: Award-winning illustrator and first-time author Nelson's history of the Negro Leagues, told from the vantage point of an unnamed narrator, reads like an old-timer regaling his grandchildren with tales of baseball greats Satchel Paige, Josh Gibson, and others who forged the path toward breaking the race barrier before Jackie Robinson made his historic debut. The narrative showcases the pride and comradery of the Negro Leagues, celebrates triumphing on one's own terms and embracing adversity, even as it clearly shows the “us” and “them” mentality bred by segregation. If the story is the pitch, though, it's the artwork that blasts the book into the stands. Nelson often works from a straight-on vantage point, as if the players took time out of the action to peer at the viewer from history, eyes leveled and challenging, before turning back to the field of play. With enormous blue skies and jam-packed grandstands backing them, these players look like the giants they are. The stories and artwork are a tribute to the spirit of the Negro Leaguers, who were much more than also-rans and deserve a more prominent place on baseball's history shelves. For students and fans (and those even older than the suggested grade level), this is the book to accomplish just that. Grades 5-8.
	We Are Your Sisters: Black Women in the Nineteenth Century Author: Sterling, Dorothy (Editor) Key Words: African American/women's studies Description: We Are Your Sisters, a collection of letters, oral histories, and excerpts from diaries and autobiographies, is "a documentary portrayal of black women who lived between 1800 and the 1880s." As such, We Are Your Sisters provides a panoramic portrait of black women's lives, presenting the words of laundresses and maids, of writers and teachers. You'll find the testimonies of slave women, as collected in the 1920s and '30s by the Federal Writers Project, on such matters as work, courtship, and family life; letters from slave women that include moving appeals for husbands to save them from slave traders; and first-person accounts of women's resistance to slavery. There are also letters from women such as Rosetta Douglass Sprague, the daughter of Frederick Douglass; accounts of the doings of upper-class blacks in the years following the Civil War; and excerpts from the diary of Frances Rollin, author of a biography of black activist and Civil War soldier Martin Delany.
	We Band of Angels: The Untold Story of American Nurses Trapped on Bataan by the Japanese Author: Norman, Elizabeth M. Key Words: women's studies Description: When the Japanese took the Philippines during WWII, 77 American women, navy and army nurses, were caught on Bataan and later imprisoned by the Japanese. The few who escaped were cast by the American press more as belles than as professionals who had held steady in their devotion to their patients and their country in the face of bombing, starvation and the gruesome injuries and diseases of their charges. A headline in the New York Times, for instance, announced that in Corregidor, Hairpin Shortage Causes Women to Cut Hair. The 77 women left behind never received as much attention, and Norman (Women at War) tries set the record straight about exactly what the Angels of Battaan and Corregidor did throughout the war. The book derives from interviews with 20 of the 77 nurses who were captured and is at its best when it stays closest to their words and stories. Norman makes excellent use of extensive quotations from diaries and interviews. Her writing lags at moments, particularly when it drifts away from the specific experiences of the nurses. But Norman also captures moments of great couragefor instance, when a nurse refused an evacuation order until her superiors agreed that not just American, but also Filipino, nurses should be moved to safety.
	We Were There, Too!: Young People in U.S. History Author: Hoose, Phillip Key Words: children in history Description: Hoose's (It's Our World, Too!) impressive survey places young people at the center of every event that shaped America, from 12-year-old Diego Berm�dez who sailed with Christopher Columbus in 1492 to high school junior Claudette Colvin's refusal to give up her seat in 1955 Montgomery, Ala., nine months before Rosa Parks. The diverse contributions of these gutsy children and teens include 16-year-old Deborah Sampson, who masqueraded as Private Robert Shirtliffe and fought in the Revolutionary War, and 15-year-old Joe Nuxhall who, in the absence of many major league players-turned-soldiers, pitched for the Cincinnati Reds during WWII. Readers will appreciate the brief epilogues that explain what happened to each person in adulthood. For instance, Chuka, a nine-year-old Hopi Indian subjected to assimilation in white schools in 1899, "struggled to live in two worlds" throughout his life, and high school junior Peggy Eaton, who rode the rails in 1938, continued to live a life of adventure as a missionary and mountain climber. Informative sidebars provide additional, and sometimes humorous, historical asides to the biographical profiles (e.g., a story problem in a Confederate math book during the Civil War calculates the death toll of Yankees). Pictures, maps and prints help bring these stories to life, but it is the actions of these young people that will inspire readers to realize that they, too, can play a part in making America's history. Ages 10-up.
	Westward Expansion, Analyzing Visual Primary Sources Author: Social Studies School Service Key Words: Teacher Resource w/book and posters Description:
	What Presidents Are Made Of Author: Piven, Hanoch Key Words: presidents Description: Gr. 2-4. In this picture book for older children, Piven presents the characters and interests of 17 U.S. presidents in text and collage portraits that make use of small toys and objects. Hot-tempered Andrew Jackson has bullets for eyes, a boxing glove nose, and a mouth represented by a miniature rifle; overweight William Howard Taft holds a rubber duck as he sits, clothed, in the White House bathtub; Ronald Regan, pictured with Bonzo, has facial features made from jellybeans. The multimedia illustrations, paint on plaster-covered wood with three-dimensional objects affixed, emphasize humor (Richard Nixon's face is a tape recorder), and brief captions explain details in the art; George W. Bush, for example, is portrayed with a hotdog nose and baseball mouth because he once owned the Texas Rangers. With the exception of the depictions of Grant and Lincoln, the portraits appear in chronological order; an appended time line shows all the presidents, noting life spans and years in office. This is sure to be in demand during the upcoming election season; it will also make a good read-aloud.
	What Would the Founders Do?: Our Questions, Their Answers Author: Brookhiser, Richard Key Words: founding fathers Description: It is a long and honored (and often abused) tradition to refer to the Founders while stating one's position on contemporary political controversies. For example, during the early, passionate arguments over New Deal legislation, FDR partisans asserted their intentions to use Hamiltonian means to achieve Jeffersonian ends. Brookhiser is a celebrated historian who has written extensively about some of the Founding Fathers. Here he brings his vast knowledge and considerable wit to bear on analyzing how they might approach some of our currently divisive issues. About political partisanship, Brookhiser points out that most Founders deplored "factions" but were willing to unsheathe swords in a good political tussle. Gay rights? Brookhiser doubts any of them would have promoted it, since even the "libertarian" Jefferson supported repression of sodomites. In a sense, this is a frivolous book, since the Founders were generally as ideologically inconsistent as liberals and conservatives are today. Who knows how they would have reacted to problems in a world they could not imagine?
	When Everybody Wore a Hat Author: Steig, William (Illustrator) Key Words: childrens literature Description: Grade 1 Up-In 1916, Steig was eight years old. This autobiography describes that year of his life. The somewhat disjointed recollections are recounted in a stream-of-consciousness style and will evoke nostalgia in adults and surprise in children-fire engines pulled by horses, five-cent movies and hot dogs, no TV, a wind-up phonograph. Like elementary school drawings taped to the refrigerator, the childlike, watercolor artwork that accompanies the memories features flattened tables, nostrils on the sides of noses, and a sidewalk extending up into the air. With a few spare lines, the artist manages to convey body language, facial expression, and gesture. For example, the picture of young Steig clinging to his sister as his parents fight is poignant; the eyes may be simple dots inside ovals, but they convey worlds of information about the children's anxiety. There were upbeat times for the family as well, in spite of the ongoing World War I. Steig reveals his childhood crush, daily activities, and dreams for the future. Black-and-white photos of the author on the first and last pages (one as a child and one as he appears now) and the cover art (front and back views of a youngster in a hat) bring this reminiscence full circle. Given the subject matter and lack of plot, this book seems aimed at Steig's adult fans.
	When I Was a Slave: Memoirs from the Slave Narrative Collection Author: Yetman, Norman R. (Editor) Key Words: slavery Description: More than 2,000 interviews with former slaves, who, in blunt, simple language, provide often-startling first-person accounts of their lives in bondage. Includes some of the most detailed, compelling, and engrossing life histories in the Slave Narrative Collection, a project funded by the U.S. Government. An illuminating source of information.
	When I Was Built Author: Thermes, Jennifer Key Words: early america Description: It's not just the walls that talk in Thermes's first children's book it's the entire house. "I watch the world pass by," muses the narrator, an 18th-century dwelling that has survived to the present day, "and sometimes think about the way things were when I was first built." A series of comparisons follow in which the house points out the advantages of sanitation and central heating, while also waxing poetic about the simplicity and the quiet of bygone days. In one scene of the house's present-day owners, a harried and caffeine-fueled mother deals with a fax machine, portable phone, computer and answering machine while her children dance to a portable CD player; on the opposing page, a considerably calmer gentleman writes with a quill. On another spread, the text notes that nowadays electricity "light[s] up the night with noise and chatter," in direct contrast to the original owners, 300 years ago, gathered cozily around the hearth, "talking or reading or telling stories, their faces aglow in the flickering candles." Thermes's crisp ink line and austere draftsmanship lend her pictures an elegant airiness. An attractive palette of homey colors green, brick, gold imbues them with a sense of both history and domesticity. Ages 4-7.
	When I Was Young in the Mountains Author: Rylant, Cynthia Key Words: country life Description: For twenty years, Cynthia Rylant's story of childhood in the Appalachian Mountains has been an enduring favorite. Growing up in the mountains is depicted with a spare, lyrical text and beautiful, tender illustrations by Diane Goode. The book was awarded a Caldecott Honor Medal. To celebrate its twentieth anniversary, When I Was Young in the Mountains is being released with a commemorative copper-colored band.
	When The Legends Die Author: Borland, Hal Key Words: native american, legends, native Description: Betrayed by both the white man and his own people, a Ute Indian tries to obliterate all trace of the heritage of his fathers. When his father killed another brave, Thomas Black Bull and his parents sought refuge in the wilderness. There they took up life as it had been in the old days, hunting and fishing, battling for survival. But an accident claimed the father's life and the grieving mother died shortly afterward. Left alone, the young Indian boy vowed never to return to the white man's world, to the alien laws that had condemned his father.
	When Washington Crossed the Delaware: A Wintertime Story for Young Patriots Author: Cheney, Lynne Key Words: american history, childrens books, founding fathers, george washington, politics, biased, british history, dick cheney, historical dimensions and perspectives, history, kids Description: Grade 2-4; Cheney chronicles the general's courageous leadership in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton, including his famed crossing of the Delaware River on Christmas 1776. The story is clearly told, although the organization falls apart slightly in the second half. Primary quotes decorate each page, adding visual interest but occasionally disrupting the flow of the narrative. Done in oil paints on canvas, the large, dramatic illustrations create a sweeping feel that captures the mood of the text. While the picture-book format necessitates some simplification of the events, the account is accurate and interesting. A source page cites only the quotes used, and not the information presented, and the book's preface includes the recommendation that grandparents share this book with their grandchildren at Christmastime, which needlessly excludes those "young patriots" who do not celebrate Christmas. This title is more straightforward, but less comprehensive, than Louise Peacock's Crossing the Delaware: A History in Many Voices (Atheneum, 1998). Cheney's offering makes an adequate supplement to history collections, and will appeal to families wishing to read inspirational picture books about America's past.
	White Socks Only Author: Coleman, Evelyn Key Words: segregation Description: Subtle and stirring, this tale-within-a-tale begins with an affectionate exchange between an African American girl and her grandmother, then telescopes to encompass an electrifying moment fraught with personal and political significance. Grandma tells of sneaking off to town one sizzling summer day when she was a child, "planning on doing no good." Approaching a water fountain, the thirsty girl mistakes its "Whites Only" sign to mean that she should take off her shoes so that only her white socks will touch the step stool. A "big white man" grabs her and removes his belt to whip her-prompting African American bystanders to remove their shoes, too, and defiantly drink from the fountain. At home, the narrator's mother proclaims she can now go to town by herself, " 'cause you're old enough to do some good"; in town, "the 'Whites Only' sign was gone from that water fountain forever." Though Coleman (The Footwarmer and the Black Crow) complicates the story with some unnecessary subplots, the impact is strong. Geter's (Dawn and the Round-to-it) full- and double-page paintings can be hazy, but they conduct the story's considerable emotional charge. Ages 5-9.
	Who Built America?: Volume One: To 1877 Author: Clark, Christopher Key Words: labor Description: Workers, women and minorities are the focus of a volume more successful as a textbook than as a history for the general reader. At its best, this offers enlightening glimpses of the impact of white settlers on American Indians, early stirrings of the labor movement, the hardships imposed by slavery, and "the capacity of ordinary people to alter the very process of history." However, the book is marred by sweeping assertions ("More and more people were now making their living in ways that challenged the values of the revolutionary generation"), a careless blunder (that Andrew Johnson was not impeached) and a relentless contempt for wealth: virtue is here the province of those with modest means. Also, this America is inhabited not so much by individuals as by economic groups: the British "invaders" (meaning the colonists, not Redcoat soldiers), Northern merchant elite, mill women, landlords and, of course, the "poor, cringing tenant."
	The Widow's War: A Novel Author: Gunning, Sally Key Words: historical fiction, colonial america Description: Mystery author Gunning (Fire Water) moves to literary historical with this provocative tale of a whaling widow determined to forge a new life in colonial Cape Cod. When Lyddie Berry's husband drowns in 1761, her grief is compounded by the discovery that he's willed her the traditional widow's share--one-third use, but not ownership, of his estate. Lyddie's care, and the bulk of the estate, have been entrusted to their closest male relative, son-in-law Nathan Clarke, husband to their daughter Mehitable and a man used to ordering a household around. Lyddie's struggle to maintain a place in her radically changed home soon brings her into open conflict with an increasingly short-tempered Nathan and his children from two previous marriages. Gunning infuses the story with suspense and intrigue, as Lyddie's plight brings her into the orbit of local Indian Sam Cowett; community censure then brings her an ally in sympathetic lawyer Ebeneezer Freeman. Gunning resists easy generalizations and stereotypes while the story pulls in 18th-century law and Anglo-Indian relations, but the dull period dialogue, of which there is a great deal, reads awkwardly. Yet she makes Lyddie's struggle to remake her life credible and the world she inhabits complex.
	Wilma Unlimited: How Wilma Rudolph Became the World's Fastest Woman Author: Krull, Kathleen Key Words: women's studies Description: "No one expected such a tiny girl to have a first birthday," begins this inspiring biographical sketch of a legendary track stars. Born in 1940 in Tennessee, the chronically sickly though "lively" Rudolph contracted polio just before her fifth birthday. Though not expected to walk again, the fiercely determined girl persevered with her leg exercises; by the time she was 12, she no longer needed her steel brace. Eight years later, Rudolph represented the U.S. in the 1960 Olympics in Rome, where, despite a twisted ankle, she became the first American woman to win three gold medals during a single Olympic competition. Krull's (Lives of the Musicians) characteristic, conversational style serves her especially well here. Through her words the nearly superhuman Rudolph seems both personable and recognizable. Rendered in acrylic, watercolor and gouache, Caldecott Medalist Diaz's (Smoky Night) imposing, richly hued illustrations have a distinctive, cubist feel. The artist's bold design superimposes this art against sepia-toned photographs of relevant background images: playground sand, wooden fence slats, the gravel of a running track. This juxtaposition yields busy, effectively textured pages, flawed only by the text's curiously embellished font-the letters look as though they have been speckled with either ink blots or dust. A triumphant story, triumphantly relayed. Ages 7-12.
	Witch-Hunt: Mysteries of the Salem Witch Trials Author: Aronson, Marc Key Words: salem witch trials Description: Gr. 9-up. Was it pagan faith or a trick gone bad? A devious teenager's power play or a rebellion against the strictures of a rigid religious community? Aronson shows off both his talent for historical interpretation and his facility as a nonfiction writer as he reconstructs events surrounding the witch trials of 1692. He isn't shy about injecting his own voice in the mix; he often speaks directly to readers, putting the history into a context that sharp teens can grasp and encouraging them to think about how the events connect to their lives and to contemporary culture and politics. To enrich and clarify the history, he quotes from an extraordinary, well-documented array of sources and recorded testimonies (of accused and accuser alike), producing a dense, wide-angle view of the tragedy that evaluates causative theories ranging from deceit and outright fraud to spoiled food that caused hallucinations. The subject will undoubtedly attract readers, but this is not for those in search of spoon-fed fact; rather, it's for teens who love to debate and to dig into what's between the pages of their history books.
	With Courage and Cloth: Winning the Fight for a Woman's Right to Vote Author: Bausum, Ann Key Words: alice paul, suffrage, suffrage movement Description: Grade 7 Up-Bausum peels back the layers of the story of the women's suffrage movement, exposing grit, fiery determination, and radical tactics. After covering the importance of familiar names, she devotes the bulk of the book to the events of 1906 to 1920, when a new group of young women emerged who were willing to truly suffer for suffrage. The movement split into two camps-Carrie Chapman Catt's larger National American Woman Suffrage Association working conservatively to gain the vote state by state, and a smaller, more contentiously radical organization, the National Woman's Party led by Alice Paul, focusing on a federal amendment. Bausum highlights the tension between these factions in well-documented detail and casts it against the greater picture of controversy within and surrounding the national and state governments, as well as World War I. She portrays her suffragist heroines as iron-jawed women totally devoted to their cause. Cloth is a recurrent theme, as the author describes the suffragists' tricolored banners, sashes, pennants, and sewn signs. Vintage photographs, some never before published, depict key figures in the movement speaking, protesting, parading, picketing, and going to jail. Bausum's careful research is evident throughout, with sources thoroughly cited and a text studded with original source quotations. Judy Monroe's The Nineteenth Amendment(Enslow, 1998) also includes lesser-known characters and vintage photos and anecdotal material, but lacks the vitality of Bausum's vivid presentation.
	Witness Author: Hesse, Karen Key Words: racism Description: The author of Out of the Dust again turns language into music in her second quietly moving novel written entirely in verse. Here, 11 narrative voices chronicle actual events occurring in a sleepy Vermont town after the arrival of the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Those victimized by the Klan include the families of Leanora Sutter, a 12-year-old African-American girl, and Esther Hirsh, the six-year-old daughter of a Jewish shoe salesman. Rounding out the portrait of the town are community leaders (an enlightened physician, a newspaper editor who moves from neutral to anti-Klan) as well as less prominent folk shopkeepers, a Protestant minister who are swayed into joining the white supremacist group. Their chorus of hatred rings loudly at first, but is tempered by their dawning realization of the severity of the Klan's punishment to their targets as well as the more rational, compassionate strains of the Klan's opponents. Hesse offers glimpses of the world at large through references to Prohibition, the Leopold and Loeb case and a letter Leanora pens to Helen Keller. The author distinguishes the characters (whose pictures appear in the front of the book) not only by their varying opinions but also by their tone of speech. The simpler, candid language of the two youngest cast members, Leanora and Esther, effectively crystallizes their gradual loss of innocence. Easily read in one sitting, this lyrical novel powerfully records waves of change and offers insightful glimpses into the hearts of victims, their friends and their enemies. Ages 9-12.
	A Woman for President: The Story of Victoria Woodhull Author: Krull, Kathleen Key Words: women's studies Description: Grade 3-5; Despite her impressive number of achievements; first woman to sit on the Stock Exchange, first woman to own a newspaper or speak before Congress, first woman to run for the presidency of the United States–Woodhull is little known by elementary-grade students. This book, though soft-pedaling the more scandalous aspects of her life, rectifies that omission. Born into an impoverished family, Woodhull was supporting her clan by the time she was eight as a gospel preacher. Married at 14 to her alcoholic doctor, she and her sister became well known as fortune-tellers. By the time they became spiritual and financial advisors to Cornelius Vanderbilt, Woodhull had divorced, remarried, and moved her entire family, including her ailing ex-husband, into a large house in New York City where she took an active role in the women's suffrage movement. It was this involvement that led her to declare herself a candidate for president in 1872. Although the campaign was a failure, it did serve to raise the issue of women's rights in an obvious and unforgettable manner. Krull's writing style is lively and engaging and Dyer's large, photo-realist watercolors capture the sense of the age and involve both eye and imagination. Use this lovely book with Jean Fritz's You Want Women to Vote, Lizzie Stanton? (Putnam, 1995) for an expanded look at the birth of the movement for women's rights.
	Women at Work: The Transformation of Work and Community in Lowell, Massachusetts, 1826-1860 Author: Dublin, Thomas Louis Key Words: Women, mill work, massachusetts Description: In this prize-winning study, Thomas Dublin explores, in carefully researched detail, the lives and experiences of the first generation of American women to face the demands of industrial capitalism. Dublin describes and traces the strong community awareness of these women from Lowell and relates it to labor protest movements of the 1830s and '40s.
	Women of Our Time: 75 Portraits of Remarkable Women Author: Voss, Frederick S. Key Words: women in history, photographs: portraits Description: This new compact edition of a bestselling title is a glorious celebration of seventy-five of the most creative, controversial, witty, brave and inspirational women of the twentieth century. Revealing portraits, by an array of distinguished photographers, show women who have reached the summit of achievement in politics, business, art, sport, the performing arts and science - women such as Billie Holiday, Eleanor Roosevelt, Amelia Earhart, Martha Graham, Maya Lin and Gloria Steinem. The photographs are accompanied by brief biographies that highlight the distinctive contributions of these women and describe how they were viewed by their contemporaries.
	Women of the Civil War South: Personal Accounts from Diaries, Letters and Postwar Reminiscences Author: Culpepper, Marilyn Mayer (Editor) Key Words: womens studies Description: Presented here are excerpts from diaries and letters written by Southern women from different walks of life, and areas of the country. Mary White, a fifteen-year-old girl, attempted to get through the blockade in Wilmington, North Carolina; Nancy Jones lived in fear amid the violence that rocked Missouri and saw her close friends and family murdered and her young son taken prisoner by the Yankees; Sarah Dandridge Duval and her family were refugees living near Richmond, Virginia. The book includes personal reminiscences from Union and Confederate women living in Winchester, Virginia, a town that reportedly changed hands 76 times during the war, and the reactions of Southern women to the surrender at Appomattox.
	Women Who Dare, Vol. II: Knowledge Cards Author: Pomegranate Key Words: women, portraits Description: Passion and ambition, insight and determination, shrewdness and courage; the 48 remarkable women profiled in these Knowledge Cards had them in spades. They defied expectation, flouted convention, outfought or outthought sexual and political oppression and led remarkable (if not always) happy lives; and they achieved outstanding success in fields of endeavor literature, world exploration, natural science, sports formerly considered appropriate only to the attention of men. Each Knowledge Card in the deck presents a photograph and a brief biography of a daring woman. With portraits on one side and profiles on the other, these 48 fact-filled Knowledge Cards are a great source of condensed information all in a deck the size of a pack of playing cards! Discover the most important and interesting facts about these influential people in a concise, stress-free compilation. A quick and stimulating supply of information, perfect for students, teachers, history buffs, and the purely inquisitive, this deck is sure to spark your curiosity and encourage you to delve deeper into this compelling subject.
	Woodrow Wilson Author: Venezia, Mike (Author, Illustrator) Key Words: world war i, the great war, Woodrow Wilson, presidents Description: Editorial Reviews A biography of Woodrow Wilson
	World War I Author: Publishing, DK Key Words: world war I Description: Gr. 6-12. Packed with photos on every double-page spread and dense with facts and snippets of analysis, this large-size volume in the Eyewitness series provides a quick, informative overview of WWI: how it started; who fought and why; the equipment used; what it was like in the trenches and at home; the horrific final cost. Even seasoned Web browsers accustomed to busy formats may sometimes feel bombarded by all the bits and pieces, especially when the tiny type is printed over colored pictures. It's the dramatic photos (many from London's Imperial War Museum) that will make readers pause and bring them close to the soldiers' experiences. Then there's John Singer Sargent's realistic painting Gassed, showing blinded soldiers led by their sighted colleagues toward a dressing station in northern France in 1918. For more reading suggestions, see the Read-alikes column, "The War to End All Wars" [BKL N 1 01].
	World War II Author: Adams, Simon Key Words: world war II Description: Take an eyewitness view of the complexities, atrocities, and heroics of war with World War II, from DK's Eyewitness series. In keeping with all the books in this remarkable reference collection, pages are jam-packed with crisp, vivid photographs, illustrations, documents, and maps, as well as fascinating narrative and captions. Under chapter headings such as "A world divided," "Bombing raids," "Women at work," "Road to Stalingrad," "Propaganda and morale," "The Holocaust," "D-Day invasion," and "The atomic bomb," the events of the war are described and illustrated in compelling detail. Readers learn about life under German occupation, remarkable secret inventions (poison pens, matchbox cameras, pipes with a secret compartment), how soldiers managed to overcome the enemy, what the inside of a British midget submarine looked like, and much more. World War II changed the course of history forever--this stunning book illuminates the people, places, and events that played a part in this unforgettable drama. (Ages 9 and older)
	World War II for Kids: A History with 21 Activities Author: Panchyk, Richard Key Words: world war II Description: Grade 5-7-In this introductory survey, Panchyk describes major events throughout the great conflict in nearly every theater of operation. While the main focus is on America's part in the war, life in England and other European countries is given careful attention. A special aspect of this work is the variety of informative activities appearing in substantial sidebars. Through them, readers can vicariously go on a reconnaissance mission, grow a victory garden, track a ship's movements using latitude and longitude, live on rations for a day, and experience other aspects of wartime life. Adult help and/or permission is suggested for many of the projects. One involves labeling alternate halves of a class of students with special armbands and simulating discrimination; teacher involvement is not mentioned in the instructions. Summarized or quoted first-person accounts by World War II participants are integral parts of this book, which also includes letters and journal entries by soldiers and civilians in both Allied and Axis countries. A large selection of black-and-white contemporary photographs and reproductions of such items as ration stamps and propaganda posters further contribute to the book's immediacy. Attention grabbers are a letter from former President Clinton, a short foreword by Senator John S. McCain, and an afterword by World War II veteran Senator Ernest "Fritz" Hollings.
	The Worst Hard Time: The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl Author: Egan, Timothy Key Words: dust bowl, the depression Description: Egan tells an extraordinary tale in this visceral account of how America's great, grassy plains turned to dust, and how the ferocious plains winds stirred up an endless series of "black blizzards" that were like a biblical plague: "Dust clouds boiled up, ten thousand feet or more in the sky, and rolled like moving mountains" in what became known as the Dust Bowl. But the plague was man-made, as Egan shows: the plains weren't suited to farming, and plowing up the grass to plant wheat, along with a confluence of economic disaster--the Depression--and natural disaster--eight years of drought--resulted in an ecological and human catastrophe that Egan details with stunning specificity. He grounds his tale in portraits of the people who settled the plains: hardy Americans and immigrants desperate for a piece of land to call their own and lured by the lies of promoters who said the ground was arable. Egan's interviews with survivors produce tales of courage and suffering: Hazel Lucas, for instance, dared to give birth in the midst of the blight only to see her baby die of "dust pneumonia" when her lungs clogged with the airborne dirt. With characters who seem to have sprung from a novel by Sinclair Lewis or Steinbeck, and Egan's powerful writing, this account will long remain in readers' minds.
	The Wright Brothers Author: Sullivan, George Key Words: wright brothers Description: "Success four flights Thursday..."On December 17, 1903, Orville and Wilbur Wright sent a telegram to their father. Its simple message told of the brothers' historic flights at Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. For the very first time, a person flew in a heavier-than-air machine. In the years that followed, the Wright brothers' fame grew as they shared their new invention with the world. Readers will discover the Wright brothers' lives by reading and seeing Orville and Wilbur's own letters, notebooks, and diaries. Kids will hear the brothers' story as if they were really there!
	Wright Brothers, The Author: Edwards, Pamela Duncan Key Words: wright brothers Description: The Wright boys' interest in flying began with a toy given to them when they were small children. As young men, they first opened a printing shop and then a bicycle shop, all the while experimenting with how to design a flying machine. Finally they achieved their incredible goal-man's first powered flight. In this accessible picture book with a 'House that Jack Built' approach, young readers are gradually introduced to all the steps that led up to the Wright brothers' remarkable historic accomplishment.
	Writing Strategies for Social Studies Author: Clark, Sarah Key Words: writing resource Description: Use science passages to practice content-area reading. This resource offers you a quick and easy way to include science in your reading instruction.
	The Wrong One [LARGE PRINT] Author: Hurst, Carol Otis Key Words: children's literature Description: Grade 4-6-After their father passes away and the family's finances crumble, Kate, 11, and Jesse, 8, are forced to move with their mother and newly adopted sister, Sookan, 5, from their beloved Brooklyn home to a fixer-upper farmhouse in Massachusetts. While the family works to build a new life and put their creaky home in order, strange things happen. Sookan refuses to go into her room, televisions turn on by themselves, and a strange blue light appears. When Jesse finds an old doll in the rafters of the barn, the Spencers hope that selling it will help solve their money problems, but the five-year-old insists that it is "the wrong one." Then, a doll she retrieves from a hole in the kitchen wall on another occasion turns out to be worth a fortune. Readers will enjoy this light story with its endearing family and eerie ghost, whose origins remain a mystery to puzzle over as Hurst resists the temptation to explain away the supernatural in the end.
	Yankee Doodle America: The Spirit of 1776 from A to Z Author: Minor, Wendell Key Words: revolutionary war Description: Grade 3-6-In colonial America, the public houses served as the news hubs of their surrounding areas, places where people could gather to share talk of the day, whether it was national or local politics. Using hand-carved replicas of the signs for these inns and taverns to share facts about the American Revolution, Minor, in concert with master woodworker John Reichling, has created an unusual alphabet book. Covering aspects of the Revolution from the Stamp Act to the Old North Church to the X Regiment and Elizabeth Zane, this visually arresting treatment acts as an engrossing introduction to some of the people, places, and events that figured in America's fight for independence. Minor has filled the centers of two distinctive sign-board shapes with beautiful, deep-hued oil paintings. The letter addressed on each page is on the top of the board, with the full title (e.g., Native American: The Mohawk Chief) incorporated into the image. The result is startling, and the shadow cast by the sign gives each picture a sense of depth. The factual material is correct, clearly stated, and intriguing, leading students on to more detailed treatments of the American Revolution. Pair this book with Stuart Murray's American Revolution (DK, 2002) or Lynda Graham-Barber's Doodle Dandy! The Complete Book of Independence Day Words (S & S, 1992), for a riveting visual introduction to the Revolutionary War.
	York's Adventures with Lewis and Clark: An African-American's Part in the Great Expedition (Orbis Pictus Award for Outstanding Nonfiction for Children Author: Blumberg, Rhoda Key Words: York, ca. 1775-ca. 1815 -- Juvenile literature, Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) --, Juvenile literature, Slaves -- West (U.S, literature, West (U.S.) -- Biography -- Juvenile literature, York, ca. 1775-ca. 1815, Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806 Description: Gr. 4-8. Blumberg, author of The Incredible Journey of Lewis and Clark (1987), now offers an account of the same journey featuring York, the only African American member of the Corps of Discovery. William Clark's playmate as a child and later his personal slave, York joined his master on the expedition, where his strength, skills, and courageous acts were recorded in the journals. His black skin and strong physique amazed and impressed many of the Native Americans, perhaps helping the corps gain acceptance. Blumberg notes that without York, the expedition might have failed. Reproductions of paintings, prints, photographs, documents, and artifacts illustrate this large-format book, which concludes with a bibliography, Internet sites, and several pages of endnotes, containing background information and citations for the many quotations from books, letters, and journals. Although much of York's life was unrecorded, this clearly presents what is known and acknowledges speculation where it occurs. Your shelves may be bulging with Lewis and Clark expedition books in this bicentennial year, but make room for this one.
	You Come to Yokum Author: Hurst, Carol Otis Key Words: children's literature Description: Grade 3-6; The fight for women's suffrage is brought to life through the eyes of 12-year-old Frank Carlyle, who lives on a farm in 1920s Massachusetts. His mother actively campaigns for a woman's right to vote. He and his brother, Jim, are used to being teased about her politicking. When the family buys their first Model T, it is Mrs. Carlyle who learns to drive. She takes the car to Washington, DC, and is arrested after chaining herself to the White House fence. Upon her return home, Father signs up the family to run a vacation lodge in a remote part of the state, far from the suffrage movement. Frank and Jim work hard and have many adventures as they slowly learn to appreciate their surroundings. The fight to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment is not forgotten when their mother attempts to bring the word to her neighbors. With mostly short chapters and charming black-and-white illustrations, this is a satisfying read.
	You Want Women to Vote, Lizzie Stanton? Author: Fritz, Jean Key Words: women's vote Description: Fritz maintains her reputation for fresh and lively historical writing with this biography of the 19th-century American feminist Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902), imparting to her readers not just a sense of Stanton's accomplishments but a picture of the greater society Stanton strove to change. Stanton is first introduced in girlhood, mastering task after task in a futile effort to prove to her father that she was "just as good as any boy." Brightly told anecdotes tell of the adult Stanton's excitement in rousing audiences to concern for women's rights; Fritz sets the background by outlining the prevailing social sanctions against women speaking in public. She explores Stanton's responsibilities in raising seven children; her unconventional marriage; her long collaboration with Susan B. Anthony; her attempts to cope with dissension within the women's rights movement. Throughout, the author stresses Stanton's pluck and verve, quoting Stanton's sharp comebacks to "apple-headed" men or showing Stanton during the statewide celebration of her 80th birthday, using the attention to excoriate the church for its backwardness ("Susan must have groaned," Fritz conjectures).
	You Wouldn't Want to Be a Civil War Soldier: A War You'd Rather Not Fight Author: Ratliff, Thomas Key Words: civil war history Description: FOR USE IN SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES ONLY.
	Young Heroes of the North and South Author: Hale, Sarah Elder (Editor) Key Words: Heroes of the Civil Wara Description: When people read about the Civil War, it is often stories about daring soldiers in battle. But soldiers were not the only ones involved in the war. In every town and city, on every farm and in every school, children played a role in the conflict. Whether Union or Confederate, young people cheered their soldiers in the army with letters from home. They took care of the family homes and farms while fathers and brothers were away in battle. And all children suffered from the difficulties and the uncertainties of war, just as grownups did. Young Heroes of the North and South tells the story of the many brave and courageous children who participated in the Civil War - from the home front and on the battlefield. Discover how young people helped in the war effort by raising money for food and medical supplies. Explore the ways children assisted on farms, lifted spirits by performing in plays, and helped nurse wounded soldiers. Meet young people who served as spies and marched into battle as drummer boys and soldiers.
	A Young People's History of the United States, Vol. 1: Columbus to the Robber Barons Author: Zinn, Howard Key Words: american history Description: Howard Zinn's first book for young adults is a retelling of US history from the viewpoints of slaves, workers, immigrants, women, and Native Americans with color images, a glossary, and primary sources. Volume one begins with a look at Christopher Columbus' arrival through the eyes of the Arawak Indians and leads the reader through the strikes and rebellions of the industrial age.

CENTER History Book Resources (Titles S-Z)

Sacajawea

The Sage of Sugar Hill: George S. Schuyler and the Harlem Renaissance

Sam the Minuteman

Sampler View Of Colonial Life

Samuel Eaton's Day: A Day in the Life of a Pilgrim Boy

Sarah Morton's Day: A Day in the Life of a Piligrim Girl

The Scandinavian American Family Album

The Scarlet Stockings Spy Edition 1.

Schoolyard Games

The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America

The Sea Captain's Wife: A True Story of Love, Race, and War in the Nineteenth Century

Seaman's Journal: On the Trail With Lewis and Clark

The Seasons of America Past

The Seasons Sewn: A Year in Patchwork

See How They Run: Campaign Dreams, Election Schemes, and the Race to the White House

Seven Brave Women

Shaker Children: True Stories and Crafts

Shalom

Shays's Rebellion: The American Revolution's Final Battle

She Touched the World: Laura Bridgman, Deaf-Blind Pioneer

Shh! We're Writing the Constitution

Short Role-playing Simulations for US History

Shutting Out the Sky: Life in the Tenements of New York, 1880-1924

Silent Movie

Silhouettes: A Pictorial Archive of Varied Illustrations

Since You Went Away: World War II Letters from American Women on the Home Front

Sisters of the Earth: Women's Prose and Poetry About Nature

Sisters: The Lives of America's Suffragists

Sit-In: How Four Friends Stood Up by Sitting Down

Sitting Bull (History Maker Bios Series)

Six Million Paper Clips: The Making Of A Children's Holocaust Memorial

Sky Pioneer: A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart

The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South

A Slave Family

Slave Songs of the United States

Slavery and the Making of America

Slavery in the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts

A Small Place

Smithsonian in Your Classroom: Abraham Lincoln - The Face of War

The Sneetches and Other Stories

Social Studies Strategies for Active Learning Gr. 3 & up

Soft Rain: A Story of the Cherokee Trail of Tears

Sojourner Truth: Ain't I A Woman

Solving Math Problems in American History

Somewhere in the World Right Now

The Souls of Black Folk (Barnes & Noble Classics Series)

Sparrow Jack

Speak Out In Thunder Tones: Letters And Other Writings By Black Northerners, 1787-1865

A Spy at Ticonderoga

State by State: A Panoramic Portrait of America

Sterling Biographies: Lewis & Clark: Blazing a Trail West

Sterling Biographies: Rosa Parks: Courageous Citizen

Stolen Man: The Story of the Amistad Rebellion

Stonewall Jackson: Spirit of the South

Stories for Young People: Mark Twain

The Story of Harriet Tubman: Conductor of the Underground Railroad

The Story Of Ruby Bridges

The Story of the Amistad

Stranded at Plimoth Plantation 1626

Straphanging in the USA: Trolleys and Subways in American Life

The Street

Sugar on Snow

Sugaring

Survivors: True Stories of Children in the Holocaust

Susan B. Anthony: Fighter for Women's Rights

Sweet Clara and the Freedom Quilt

Sybil Ludington's Midnight Ride

Sybil's Night Ride

Take the Lead, George Washington

Taking Liberty: The Story of Oney Judge, George Washington's Runaway Slave

Tapenum's Day: A Wampanoag Indian Boy In Pilgrim Times

Tea With an Old Dragon: A Story of Sophia Smith, Founder of Smith College

Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

Tell All the Children Our Story: Memories and Mementos of Being Young and Black in America

Ten Little Indians

The Ten-Hour Movement

Terrible Storm

Thank You, Sarah: The Woman Who Saved Thanksgiving

Thanksgiving in the White House