Acid-Base and Donor Acceptor Theory

Goals: Acid-Base Concepts

6.1-6.2 Acid and base definintions

• Identify Arrhenius acids and bases
• Draw the products of Arrhenius acid-base reactions

6.3 Brønsted-Lowry Concept, 6.3.1, 6.3.6-6.3.9

• Identify Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases
• Draw the products of Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reactions
• Describe how atomic attributes (size, electronegativity) can affect the acidity of binary compounds (compounds of H with one other element)
• For related binary compounds, predict relative acidity of binary compounds or the basicity of the conjugate bases of binary compounds
• Describe how inductive effects can influence the strength of an acid or base
• Consider inductive effects and predict the relative acidity or basicity of related compounds
• Describe the role that charge plays in the acidity of metal ions in aqueous solution
• Predict the relative acidities of metal ions in aqueous solution
• Describe how solvation can effect the acidity or basicity of a molecule
• Describe the limiting effect that solvents can play in acid-base chemistry

6.4 Lewis Acid-Base Concept, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 6.4.6-6.4.7

• Identify Lewis acids and bases
• Draw the products of Lewis acid-base reactions
• Describe the use of the HOMO and LUMO in acid base reactions
• Compare MO diagrams of protonated and unprotonated molecules and describe the implications of the changes in the MO diagram
• Generate MO diagrams of protonated molecules starting from the MO diagrams of the unprotonated molecules

6.2.6, 6.5.1 Hydrogen Bonding

• Compare MO diagrams of molecules or ions that are hydrogen bonded with other molecules or ions and describe the implications of the changes in the MO diagram

6.4.2 Electronic Spectra

• Compare MO diagrams of molecules with the MO diagrams of molecular adducts and describe the implications of the changes in the MO's with respect to the energy of electronic transitions

Goals: Hard/Soft Acid-base Concepts

6.6-6.6.1

• Describe the hard-soft acid base concept
• Explain reaction outcomes based on the hard-soft acid base concept
• Describe the limit of the hard-soft acid base concept as it relates to explaining the outcome of reactions specifically with respect to the role of the strength of the acids and bases being compared