Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel-Crafts alkylation/acylation

• Predict the products of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions listed above
• Explain why the addition of electrophiles to benzene rings does not result in electrophilic additions
• Draw mechanisms for the electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions
• Explain why some alkylations produce rearranged products

Substituted benzenes and electrophilic aromatic substitution

• Explain why some substituents are activating toward electrophilic aromatic substitution and some are deactivating
• Explain why activators direct electrophilic aromatic substitution toward ortho and para positions
• Explain why some deactivators direct electrophilic aromatic substitution towards the meta position
• Explain why some deactivators direct electrophilic aromatic substitution toward the ortho and para positions
• Explain other factors that might lead to favoring para over ortho substitution
• Determine whether a substituent is an activator or deactivator for electrophilic aromatic substitution
• Predict the products of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions